Histology

Front 1

What is Histology?

Back 1

the study of tissues

Front 2

What are the four different types of tissues?

Back 2

1. Epithelial Tissue

2. Connective Tissue

3. Muscle Tissue

4. Nervous Tissue

Front 3

Tissues are identified by , what two things?

Back 3

1. Cellular Shape

2. Arrangement

Front 4

What are the 3 different types of cellular shapes?

Back 4

1. Cuboidal

2. Columnar

3. Squamous

Front 5

What are the four different types of

arrangements?

Back 5

1. Simple

2. Stratified

3. Transitional

4. Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Front 6

What is the definition of simple epithelium?

Back 6

- Single layer

- All cells attached to basement membrane

Front 7

What are three examples of simple?

Back 7

ex.1 Simple Cuboidal

ex.2 Simple Columnar

ex.3 Simple Squamous

Front 8

What are examples of Simple cuboidal?

Back 8

cells of kidney tubules:

- Loop of Henle ( Descending / Ascending)

- Distal Convoluted Tubule

Function: Secretion and Absorption

- ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells

Front 9

What are some examples of Simple Columnar?

Back 9

- lining of the

small intestine

(microvilli)

- Jejunum

Function:

1. Absorption

2. Secretion of Mucus enzymes /

other substances

3. ciliated type propels mucus or reproductive cells by ciliary action

Front 10

What are some examples of Simple Squamous?

Back 10

- Bowman's Capsule

- Kidney's Glomeruli

- air sac of lungs

(so thin)

Function: Diffusion and Filtration

Front 11

What is stratified?

Back 11

In two or more layers

Front 12

Give examples of three stratified epitheliums?

Back 12

1. Stratified Cuboidal

2. Stratified Columnar

3. Stratified Squamous

Front 13

Give an example of Stratified Cuboidal?

Back 13

Occurs in ducts of sweat glands

Front 14

Give an example of Stratified Columnar?

Back 14

- Duct with two layers + columnar = Salivary glands

- in ducts of glands , usually a larger duct,

thinner cells

- nuclei towards the side of basement

membrane

Front 15

Give an example of Stratified Squamous?

Back 15

locations:

Epidermis of skin

(scalp)

- Lining of esophagus

- Skin Scalp

Function:

Protects underlying tissues in areas

subjected to abrasion

Front 16

What is Transitional epithelium?

Back 16

- Cells that can change shape

- many layers thick , but inner layers are not squamous , unless ureter is stretched

Function: stretches readily and

permits distention of urinary organ by

contained urine

Front 17

Give an example of Transitional epithelium?

Back 17

- ureter (not going to be stretched in

microscope)

- many layers thick , but inner layers are not squamous , (unless ureter is stretched)

- when released go back to original shape

Front 18

Where is Pseudostratified Columnar

Epithelium found?

Back 18

- really only one layer but looks like more!

Found in the

respiratory system

- Ciliated

- All touch basement membrane

Front 19

identify this slide

function?

Back 19

- Simple Squamous

Epithelium

- Function: diffusion,

filtration, and secretion in serous membranes

Front 20

identify this slide?

function?

Back 20

Simple

Cuboidal Epithelium

Function: secretion and absorption

- ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells

Front 21

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 21

Simple Columnar Epithelium of

small intestine

Function: secretion and absorption

- ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells

Front 22

identify this slide

Function?

Back 22

- Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Scalp)

- Function: Protection

Front 23

identify this slide

Back 23

Stratified Squamous Epithelium 250X

Front 24

identify this slide

Function?

Back 24

- Transitional

Epithelium ( found in

Ureter)

Function: stretches readily and permits

distention of

urinary organ by

contained urine

Front 25

identify this slide

Function?

Back 25

- Pseudostratified

Ciliated Columnar

Epithelium (as seen on slide of Larynx) 250X

Function: secretion, particularly of

mucus - propulsion of mucus by ciliary action

Front 26

identify this slide

Back 26

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar

Epithelium

Front 27

identify this slide?

Functions ?

Back 27

Areolar Connective Tissue

Functions:

- wraps and

cushions organs

- holds and

conveys tissue fluid

- plays important role in inflammation

- defends the body against infection

- stores nutrients as fats

Front 28

identify this slide

Functions?

Back 28

Adipose

Function:

- provides reverse food fuel

- insulates against heat lost

- supports and protects organs

Front 29

identify this slide?

Functions?

Back 29

Dense Regular

Connective Tissue (Tendon)

Functions:

- attaches muscle to bone or muscle

- attaches bone to bone

Front 30

identify this slide?

Functions?

Back 30

Dense Irregular

Connective Tissue in the Dermis (adipose present)

Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions

- provides structural strength

Front 31

identify this slide?

function?

Back 31

Compact Bone

Function:

- bone support and protects (by enclosing)

- provides levers for the muscle to act on

- stores calcium and other minerals and fat

Front 32

identify slide?

Back 32

Cancellous (Spongy) Bone

Front 33

identify slide?

Functions?

Back 33

Hyaline Cartilage

Functions:

- supports and reinforces

- has resilient

cushioning properties

- resists compressive stress

Front 34

identify slide?

Functions?

Back 34

Elastic Cartilage

Functions: maintains the shape of a structure, while allowing great flexibility

Front 35

identify this slide?

Back 35

Erythrocytes

Function: RBC, small, O2 transporting

Front 36

identify this slide

function?

Back 36

Neutrophil

Function: destroys bacteria

Front 37

identify this slide

function?

Back 37

Monocyte

Function:

- largest leukocytes

- use blood stream to reach the connective

tissues, then transforms into macrophages

Front 38

identify this slide

Function?

Back 38

Lymphocyte

Function: fights against infections

Front 39

identify this slide

Function?

Back 39

Skeletal Muscle (look closely for striations)

Functions:

- voluntary movement

- locomotion

- manipulation of the environment

- facial expressions

Front 40

identify this slide?

function?

Back 40

Cardiac Muscle

( can see nucleus , intercalated disc,

branching and striations)

functions:

- as it contracts, it propels blood into the

circulation

- involuntary control

Front 41

identify this slide

function?

Back 41

Smooth Muscle

Functions:

- propels substances or objects along internal passageways

- involuntary control

Front 42

identify this slide?

Back 42

Smooth Muscle in Tunica muscularis

Front 43

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 43

Artery (arteriole) in Adipose X250

Function:

carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

Front 44

identify this slide?

Back 44

Vein (Venule) in Adipose

Function: carries deoxygenated blood towards the heart

Front 45

identify this slide

Back 45

Neurons

Front 46

identify this slide

Function?

Back 46

Esophagus

Function:

- carry food, liquids, and saliva from the mouth to the stomach

- transports by coordinated contractions of its muscular lining

Front 47

Identify this slide

Back 47

Esophagus (Stratified Squamous)

Front 48

identify slide

function?

Back 48

Stomach , Pylorus

Function:

secretes protein

Front 49

identify this slide

Function?

Back 49

Salivary Gland

- makes saliva and helps the bolus go down esophagus easily

Front 50

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 50

Tongue

- manipulates food for after chewing process

- cleans teeth

Front 51

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 51

Kidney with

Glomerulus

Function:

- participates in whole body homeostasis

- regulates acid-base balance, electrolyte concentrations, extracellular fluid volume, and blood pressure

Front 52

identify this slide?

Back 52

- Tubules within the Kidney (Simple Cuboidal)

Front 53

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 53

- Large Intestine (Colon)

Function:

- water is

absorbed here

- and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being

removed by defecation

Front 54

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 54

Lungs

Function: transport O2 from the atmosphere to blood stream and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream

Front 55

Identify slide?

Function?

Back 55

Liver

Function: detoxification of various metabolites, protein synthesis and production of

biochemicals necessary for digestion

Front 56

Identify slide?

Function?

Back 56

Simple Columnar

Epithelium of

Small Intestine

Function:

- where most of

digestion and

absorption of food takes place

- receives bile juice and pancreatic juice

Front 57

Identify slide?

Function?

Back 57

Pancreas

Function:

- an endocrine gland

- produces insulin and glucagon which

circulates the blood

Front 58

Identify slide?

Function?

Back 58

Ovary (cat)

Function:

- an ovum

- producing

reproductive organ

Front 59

identify slide?

Function?

Back 59

TESTES

Function: gland where sperm and testosterone and produced

Front 60

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 60

Scalp (Skin)

Function: epidermis of the top of the head

- insulates skull and

protects

Front 61

identify this slide?

Back 61

Sebaceous Gland and Sudoriferous Gland Light area is Adipose

Front 62

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 62

Sebaceous Gland

Function:

- oil gland

-secretes sebum

- holocrine gland

Front 63

identify this slide?

Function?

Back 63

Sweat Gland

Function:

- produces sweat

- merocrine gland

Front 64

Name all the types of connective tissue?

Back 64

1. Areolar

2. Adipose

3. Compact Bone

4. Hyaline Cartilage

5. Elastic Cartilage

6. Dense regular

7. Dense irregular

8. Blood ( all types)

Front 65

Name the 3 muscle tissues?

Back 65

1. Skeletal muscle

2. Cardiac muscle

3. Smooth muscle

Front 66

Which tissue is the most abundant and diverse?

Back 66

Connective Tissue

Front 67

What are the four main classes of

connective tissue?

Back 67

1. Connective Tissue Proper

(fat tissue & fibrous tissue of ligaments)

2. Cartilage

3. Bone Tissue

4. Blood

Front 68

What are some functions of connective tissue?

Back 68

1. connect tissues and organs of the

body together

2. Form the basis of the skeleton

(bone and cartilage)

3. Store and carry nutrients ( fat tissue and blood)

4. Surround all blood vessels and nerves of body

5. Lead the body's fight against infection

Front 69

What kind of connective tissue makes up

Areolar?

Back 69

Type: connective tissue proper

subclass: loose connective tissue

* has 3 types of fiber

( collagen , reticular , elastic)

Locations:

1. neck

2. Cheek

3. Packages organs