Histology 1 Embryology 1

Front 1

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

Back 1

Endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

Front 2

In the myocardium, what are the three parts of the cardiac skeleton?

Back 2

Fibrous rings
fibrous triangle
fibrous part of the interventricular septum

Front 3

Which part of the cardiac skeleton is composed of collagen and few elastic fibers that surround the AV opening, aorta opening and pulmonary trunk opening.

Back 3

Fibrous rings

Front 4

The fibrous triangle that fills the space bw the AV opening and the base of the aorta in cardiac skeleton is composed of ______ in pigs and cats.

Back 4

dense irregular CT

Front 5

The fibrous triangle that fills the space bw the AV opening and the base of the aorta in the cardiac skeleton is compose of ____ in dogs

Back 5

fibrocartilage

Front 6

The fibrous triangle that fills the spac bw the AV opening and the base of the aorta in the cardiac skeleton is compose of ____ in horses.

Back 6

Hyaline cartilage

Front 7

The fibrous triangle that fills the space bw the AV opening and the base f the aorta in the cardiac skeleton is composed of _____ in large ruminants?

Back 7

bone

Front 8

What layer of the heart wall is composed of loose CT containing blood vessels, nerves and ganglia and adipose tissue?

Back 8

Epicardium

Front 9

What are the three layers that make up the pericardium?

Back 9

Visceral, Pericardial cavity, and parietal pericardium

Front 10

What is epithelium lines the visceral pericardium?

Back 10

simple squamous

Front 11

What makes up the pericardial cavity?

Back 11

it is bw visceral and parietal pericardium, contains serous fluid lubricating the surfaces for frictionless cardiac movement

Front 12

What are three types of arteries?

Back 12

elastic ( or large size)
Muscular (or medium )
arteriole (or small)

Front 13

Name 5 types of blood vessels

Back 13

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries, sinusoids, microvasculature

Front 14

What makes up the microvasculature?

Back 14

comprised of arteriole, capillaries and venules

Front 15

Tunica intima: consists of what 2 things (think thelium)?

Back 15

endothelium and a subendothelial layer.

Front 16

what cells are normally found in the tunica intima of blood vessels? and what kind of

Back 16

simple squamous cells

Front 17

The Tunica intima of a blood vessel also consists of?

Back 17

a subendothelial layer that includes collagen and elastic fibers and smooth m cells

Front 18

the tunica media of a blood vessel has what kind of cells and fibers?

Back 18

it consists of smooth m cells and a helical arrangement with elastic and collage fibers

Front 19

Another name of tunica externa?

Back 19

Tunica adventitia

Front 20

What kind of fibers and one kind of muscle located in the tunica external?

Back 20

collagen and elastic fibers predominate and smooth m may be present.

Front 21

what part of the blood vessel has the casa vasorum and nervi vasorum?

Back 21

tunica externa

Front 22

What are unique characteristics of the tunica intima for elastic arteries?

Back 22

Tunica intima is usually thicker than in other type of arteries. A subendothelial layer has numerous fine elastic fibers.

Front 23

For the elastic a, which membrane is indistinct - the internal elastic or the external elastic?

Back 23

the internal elastic membran

Front 24

Of the three main layers for the elastic a, which one is the thickest?

Back 24

the tunica media

Front 25

in the elastic a, the tunica media consits of? what the found substance is basophilic because of the great amount of ________ ________.

Back 25

concentrically arranged fenestrated elastic lamine with smooth m in bw the lamine.
Sulphated glycoaminoglycans

Front 26

The tunica external of the elastic arteries are composed of longitudenally arranged bundles of ______ fibers with few _____ fibers plus vasa vasorum and nervi vasorum.

Back 26

collagen and elastic

Front 27

What is the thickest layer of a muscular artery and what cell is it mainly composed of?

Back 27

the tunica media
mainly of smooth m cells arranged in circular or helical pattern.
Also the elastic and collagen fibers are present bw smooth m layers

Front 28

Which membrane, the internal elastic membrane or the external elastic membrane, is distinct and which is not always clearly defined?

Back 28

internal elastic - distinct
external - not always clearly defined

Front 29

Describe the tunica intima and the tunica externa of muscular arteries?

Back 29

both are usual struture

Front 30

Arterioles open directly into capillaries via __________ of smooth m. OR they open directly into metarterioles which have ________________.

Back 30

pre-capillary sphincter
isolated bundles of smooth m.

Front 31

What layer of the arteriole is fenestrated and eventually disappears in smaller arterioles

Back 31

internal elastic membrane

Front 32

The tunica media of arterioles has three layers of what and contains what kind of fibers?

Back 32

smooth muscle
collagen fibers

Front 33

Which layer is absent int he arterioles?

Back 33

external elastic membrane

Front 34

what is the tunica externa of arterioles composed of ?

Back 34

loose CT

Front 35

arterioles open directly into _____ and into ____________

Back 35

capillaries and metarterioles

Front 36

Capillaries are how long in diameter?

Back 36

5 to 10 um

Front 37

What kind of cells does capillaries have and what are they associated wtih?

Back 37

endothelial cells, an associated basal lamina, pericytes and a thin adventitial CT layer that is lack around the brain capillaries

Front 38

What do the capillary beds from and where is being exchanged?

Back 38

they form networks and exchange place bw circulating blood and interstitial fluid

Front 39

Continous capillaries are found in what type of tissues?

Back 39

muscles. Endothlial cells are held together by tight junctions. Transcytoic vesicles are common

Front 40

Fenestrated capillaires are found in what type of tissue?

Back 40

(aka visceral capillaries) occur in GIT

Front 41

Sinusoidal capillaries are found in what type of tissue?

Back 41

endocrine glands

Front 42

Porous capillaries are found in what type of tissue?

Back 42

kidney glomerulus

Front 43

Sinusoids are found in what type of tissue?

Back 43

liver parenchyma. They are larger than capillariesl their shape changes with surround parenchyma. Large openingings are pores in the endothelial cells provide a max exchange.