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33 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ribosomes
are intensly basophobic = t/f they make what = Found where = |
in free units or in small clusters in the cytoplasm
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ribosomes make proteins for use within the cell.
are also found on the outer surface of the nuclear envelope and rough endoplasmic reticulum, where they manufacture proteins for export from the cell. |
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DNA tRNA proteins (this restarts the circle of life.)
Ribosomes are the unit that makes the protein. = |
protein
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Endoplasmic Reticulum = 2types
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Smooth ER
Rough ER |
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Smooth ER synthesizes =
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lipids and steroid hormones
also associated with the == |
detoxification of some drugs.
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***Rough ER is studded with
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ribosomes
These are the site of synthesis of proteins that are ‘exported’ from cells = |
are ‘exported’ from cells
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RER in
erthroblast Does what = *** |
synthesizes (but does not secrete) proteins on free polyribosomes
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RER
Eosinophilic Leukocyte Does what = *** |
stores proteins in organelles
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RER
Plasma Cell Does what = *** |
directly exports proteins.
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RER
Pancreatic acinar Cell Does what = *** |
stores in supranuclear granules, and exports proteins.
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RER = The point is there needs to be markers for trpt.
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that is all!
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Budding occurs & what system is in use
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v-SNARE =
t-Snare = NSF SNAPS |
Vesicle snare = receptor
Target membrane = receptor are the two involved protiens to make fusion of membranes occur |
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Know the snares & snaps in general for =
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ligand receptor idea & recognition must occur
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T/F
SER = has no RIBOSOMES unlike the RER |
T
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AFTER ER.. protein moves to the
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Golgi
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
Participates in: = |
Biosynthesis of membrane lipids
Biosynthesis of steroid hormones Breakdown of toxins and drugs Resynthesis of triglycerides from monoglycerides in the intestinal epithelium Sequestering of calcium in striated muscle (sarcoplasmic reticulum) sarcoplasmic reticulum is the exact same thing as SER, just has special Nm SER full of Ca. |
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Functions of RER =
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-Glycosylation: attachment of oligosaccharides
-Disulfide bond formation and rearrangement: Disulfide bonds stabilize the tertiary and quaternary structure of many proteins. -The facilitation of protein folding. Only properly-folded proteins are transported from the rough ER to the Golgi complex l The transport of synthesized proteins |
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Golgi Complex
look like what |
= Stacks of 6 – 8 flattened sacs
Golgi Complex Does what = |
Stacks of 6 – 8 flattened sacs
Immature or cis – vesicles that comes from RER Mature or trans – vacuoles with finished products Important in glycosylation, phosphorylation, sulfation, etc. Takes part in synthesis, concentration & storage of secretory products. |
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LYSOSOMES = one type of __?__
vessicle = |
LYSOSOMES = one type of
secretory vesicle *contains varied __?__ = |
*contains varied Enzymes
Lysosomes in white blood cells contain enzymes that digest foreign material such as microbes. |
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microbes.
3 types of lysosomes = |
Primary =
Secondary = Residual Body = |
Primary = newly synth
Secondary = fuse w/ phagosomes Residual Body = garbage lysosomes that add up |
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Brain cells & cardiac cells have a poor garbage removal system. So the older you get the more garbage you have.
What secratory vessicle usely takes care of the garbage detail = |
Lysosomal
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Lysosomes in white blood cells contain enzymes that digest foreign material such as microbes.
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*** Lysosomal Enzymes Require
Base pH or Acidic pH |
ACIDIC
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***Chloroquine is used in wht Tx & prevention =
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an agent used in the treatment and prevention
of malaria, Malariais a lysosomotropic agent that accumulates in the lysosomes. |
The drug concentrates in the acidic food vacuole of the
malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) and interferes with its digestive processes, eventually killing the parasite. |
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a "cherry red" macula in the retina, easily observable by a physician using an ophthalmoscope indicates what Dz =
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*** Patients with infantile onset Tay–Sachs disease
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Table example in notes 1-14--13 50%
*** Hurler Dz |
A-L-Iduronidase
MAIN Organs affected = What Dz does this cause = |
Sekeletal
N system *** Hurler Dz |
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Table example in notes 1-14--13 50%
*** Sanflippo Syndrome A |
Heperan Sulfate Sulfamidase
MAIN Organs affected = What Dz does this cause = |
Sekeletal
N system *** Sanflippo Syndrome A |
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Table example in notes 1-14--13 50%
***Tay-Sachs Dz |
Hexosaminidase
MAIN Organs affected = What Dz does this cause = |
N system
***Tay-Sachs Dz |
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Table example in notes 1-14--13 50%
***Gaucher Dz |
B-D-Glycosidase
MAIN Organs affected = What Dz does this cause = |
Liver
Spleen ***Gaucher Dz |
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Diseases Caused by Lysosomal Enzyme Failure and Accumulation of Undigested Material in Different Cell Types.
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*** Hurler Dz
*** Sanflippo Syndrome A *** Tay-Sachs Dz *** Gaucher Dz |
Sekeletal / N system
Sekeletal / N system N system Liver / Spleen |
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Peroxisomes self replicate and arise from the
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Golgi
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Defective peroxisomes:
l Commonly known peroxisomal disorders are |
l X-chromosome-linked--
adrenoleukodystrophy & Zellweger syndrome |
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also called cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, is a rare congenital disorder,
characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. It is one of a family of disorders called leukodystrophies. What is the aka Nm = |
Zellweger syndrome,
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adrenoleukodystrophy
X link or Y link |
X-chromosome-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
aka = 2ct |
Creutzfeldt Disease or
Bronze Schilder Disease |
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Creutzfeldt Disease or
Bronze Schilder Disease what microbody causes this = |
Defective peroxisomes:
the other official Nm is = |
adrenoleukodystrophy
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