Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Compare innate and adaptive immunity
|
Innate: Recognition mechanisms are rapid (within hours), invariant, limited number of specificities, and constant during response
Adaptive: Slow response (days to weeks), variable, numerous highly selective specificities, Improve during response |
|
|
Natural killer cell: description
|
Contains enzymes (perforins, etc) that kills cells that have been invaded by a pathogen, etc.
|
|
|
What is clonal expansion, and clonal selection?
|
Clonal expansion: a single progenitor cell gives rise to a large number of lymphocytes, each with a different specificity
Removal of potentially self-reactive immature lymphocytes by clonal deletion Pool of mature naive lymphocytes exposed to foreign antigen --> proliferation and differentiation of activated specific lymphocytes to form a clone of effector cells |
|
|
Immune system lineage
|
Starts in Bone Marrow: pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell
Give rise to common lymphoid progenitor, myeloid progenitor, erythroblast |
|
|
T-cell, B-cell colloquial descriptions
|
"older sibling" - tells B-cells what to do
B-cell: soldier cell |
|
|
Describe humoral immunity
|
Extracellular microbes responded to by B-lymphocytes, microbes bound to secreted antibodies. Humoral immunity block infections and eliminates extracellular microbes.
|
|
|
Describe cell-mediated immunity
|
A) When microbes are phagocytosed by macrophage, helper T-lymphocyte binds and activates these macrophages to kill the phagocytosed microbes
B) Intracellular microbes (e.g. viruses) replicating withing infected cell --> cytolytic T-lymphocyte binds and kills infected cells and eliminates reservoirs of infection |
|
|
Maturation of T, B lymphocytes
|
Bone marrow stem cell --> B lymphocytes lineage --> bone marrow --> mature B lymphocytes --> Blood --> Lymph nodes, spleen, mucosal and cutaneous lymphoid tissue --> Recirculation --> Blood, etc...
Bone marrow stem cell --> T lymphocytes lineage --> thymus --> Mature T-lymphocytes --> Blood, lymph --> Mucosal and cutaneous lymphoid tissues --> recirculation ->Blood, etc |
|
|
Why do your lymph nodes swell when you're infected?
|
Infection --> Expansion of antigen-reactive cells, follicles in lymph nodes
|
