Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
lymph nodes
cortex vs. medulla |
cortex: germinal nodes, t-lymphocytes
medulla: medullary cords, plasma cells |
|
|
thymus
|
doesn't contain afferetn lymph vessels
|
|
|
spleen white and red pulp
|
white: lymphocytes and splenic nodules
Red: erythrocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes |
|
|
embryonic derivative of adenohypophysis(anterior pituitary), neurohypophysis
|
adeno: rathke's pouch, oral ectoderm, ascends
neuro: infundibulum, neuroectoderm |
|
|
3 portal systems
|
hepatic, renal, pituitary
|
|
|
PTH
|
inc. blood calcium, bone resorption, dec. Ca2+ excretion, inc. PO4 excretion
|
|
|
adrenal gland layers
|
from out to in
glomerulosa:aldosterone (mineralcorticoid) fasiculata: cortisone (glucocorticoids) reticularis: gonadocorticoids medula:catecholamines - epi and norepi |
|
|
respiratory epithelium change
|
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epi -> psuedostrat. columnar (bronchi)-> simple columnar -> simple cuboidal -> simple squamous (septa)
|
|
|
alveolar macrophages
|
dust cells
|
|
|
fundus vs cardiac and pyloric glands
|
fundus:mucous, chief, parietal, and enteroendocrine cells
cardiac and pyloric: mucosal |
|
|
cells of small intestine
|
enterocyte:absorption
goblet: most in ileum: mucous m cells: peyer's patches(ileum): antigens to lymph tissue paneth's cells: lysozyme enteroendocrine: most in duodenum: CCK, Secretin, GIP mucosal: duodenum: brunner:HCO3- |
|
|
trypsinogen->trypsin by what
|
enterkinase
|
|
|
functions of kidney
|
remove waste, regulate fluids, synthesize erythropoietin and renin, hydroxylate vit D
|
|
|
cells of testis
|
leydig: prod. testosterone
sertoli cell: |
|
|
stratum basale (skin)
|
all epi mitotic activity, contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, other spec. cells, least cytodiff.
|
|
|
stratum spinosum
|
spinous layer, peripheral cytoplasmic processes. langerhan cells often extend into this layer
|
|
|
stratum lucidum
|
only in thick skin, flattened cells, few organelles
|
|
|
stratum granulosum
|
cells appear flattened and may contain KERATOHYALIN
|
|
|
stratum corneum
|
keratin layer
|
|
|
pacinian corpuscles
meissner's corp. ruffini endings |
pacinian: pressure
meissner:touch ruffini: mechanoreseptors |
|
|
biologic width
|
length of dentogingival junction, ~2mm
|
|
|
enamel
|
96% inorganic mineral, derived from ectoderm, formed by ameloblasts, diff from IEE (epithelial), retzius lines,
|
|
|
dentin
|
70% inorganic, derived from odontoblasts from neural crest cells and dental papilla, von ebner lines
|
|
|
cementum
|
55% inorganic, from dental follicle, neural crest cells, cementoblasts form
|
|
|
alveolar bone
|
50% inorganic, from dental follicle, osteoblasts, neural crest der.
|
|
|
pulp
|
<5% inorganic, from dental papilla, fibroblast, mesenchymalm eural crest der.
|
|
|
tomes' process vs tomes granular layer
|
enamel vs. dentin. enamel formation 4um, dentin 4-8um/day
|
|
|
enamel spindle
|
trapped odontoblastic processes in enamel
|
|
|
philtrum of upper lip
|
formed from fusion of two medial nasal processes
|
|
|
upper lip
|
from fusion of two maxillary process
|
|
|
primary palate
|
formed by fusion of two median nasal processes, central and lateral incisors
|
|
|
secondary palate
|
fusion of two maxillary processes, hard and soft palate
|
|
|
lateral cleft lip
|
failure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes
|
