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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Virtual representation
Notion that slthough colonists had not elected members to Parliament, they were nonetheless represented by it. Espoused by British leaders, this claim countered colonists' argument that they had no voice in Parliament and therefore were being taxed without proper representation.
Loyalists
Throughout the conflict with Great Britain, many colonists sided with the king and Parliament. Also called Tories, these people feared that American liberty might promote social anarchy.
Stamp Act
The requirement to purchase special seals or stamps to validate legal documents.
Townshend Acts
Named after Charles Townsend, this was a "duties" tax on American imports of paper, glass, paint, lead, and tea.
Boston Massacre
A violent confrontation between British troops and a Boston mob on March 5, 1770. Five citizens were killed when the troops fired into the crowd. The incident inflamed anti-British sentiment in Massachusetts.
Samuel Adams
A genuine revolutionary who urged the American colonists to defend their political virtue against British corruption. Suggested the formation of a Committee of Correspondence
Committess of Correspondence
Vast communication network formed in Massachusetts and other colonies to communicate grievances and provide colonists with evidence of British oppression. (Samuel Adams' idea)
Boston Tea Party
In Boston Harbor, a group of men disquised as Mohawk Indians, boarded ships and pitched 340 chests of tea over the side.
Coercive Acts
Also known as the Intolerable Acts, the four pieces of legislation passed by Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party were meant to punish the colonies.
Quebec Act
A plan to establish a new civil government for the Canadian province of Quebec (June 22, 1774)
1st Continental Congress
A meeting of delegates from twelve colonies in Philadelphia in 1774, the Congress denied Parliament's authority to legislate for the colonies, condemned British actions toward the colonies, created the Continental Association, and endorsed a call to take up arms.
Lexington & Concord
Two small villages in eastern Massachusets where the "shots were heard around the world." Illtrained farmers stood ground, someone fired and 8 americans were dead.
SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS*
This meeting took place in Philadelphia in May 1775, in the midst of rapidly unfolding military events. It organized the Continental Army and commissioned George Washington to lead it, then began requisitiong men and supplies for the war effort.
Thomas Paine
Wrote the best-selling essay, Common Sense. His greatest contribution was to pursuade ordinary folk to sever their ties with Great Britain.
Common Sense
Revolutionary tract written by Thomas Paine in January 1776. It called for independence and the establishment of a republican government in America.
Declaration of Independence
A document drafted by Thomas Jefferson, formally declaring America's independence from Great Britain.
Hessians
Hired German troops used by England.
American Crisis
A pamphlet written by Paine in December 1776, that described the bleake circumstances and encouraged summer soldiers to stay on.
Saratoga
Here, the haughty Burgoyne was forced to surrender fify-eight hundred men to the American General Horatio Gates.
French Treaties
Treaty of Amity and Commerce established commercial relations between France and the United States and the Treaty of Alliance.
Yorktown
A sleepy tobacco market where Cornwallis planned to establish a base of operations. French troops helped on land and sea and Cornwallis surrendered his entire army os six thousand emn. The fighting ended and the task of securing independence was now in the hands of diplomats.
George Washington
Commander in chief of the Continental army during the American Revolution and first president of the United States