Hist170 Chapter 1

Front 1

Beringia

Back 1

A land bridge that was created by receding waters, connecting Asia and North America, which is now submerged beneath the Bering Sea.

Front 2

Mississippian People

Back 2

A loose collection of communites dispersed along the Mississippi River from Louisiana to Illinois that shared similar technologies and beliefs. (Cahokia)

Front 3

conquistadores

Back 3

Sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers, often of noble birth, who subdued the Native Americans and created the Spanish empire in the New World.

Front 4

Treaty of Tordesillas

Back 4

Treaty negotiated by the pope in 1494 to resolve competing ladn claims of Span and Portugal in the New World. It divided the world along a north-south line in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, granting to Spain all lands west of the line and to Portugal lands east of the line.

Front 5

Virginia

Back 5

Named by Sir Walter Ralegh in honor of his patron, the Virgin Mary. The land was granted to him by Queen Elizabeth.

Front 6

Adena-Hopewell

Back 6

People on present-day southern Ohio, named by archaeologists to distinguish differences in material culture. Built large ceremonial mounds, where they buried the families of local elites.

Front 7

Norsemen

Back 7

Tenth Century Scandinavian seafarers that established settlements in the New World. Also known as Vikings.

Front 8

Columbus & his ships

Back 8

Spanish Explorer who set sail in 1492 to find China (Cathay) with a small fleet including the Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria

Front 9

Encomienda System

Back 9

An exploitative labor system designed by Spanish rules to reward conquistadores in the New World by granting them local villages and control over native labor.

Front 10

Roanoke

Back 10

First settlement established on coast of North Carolina in 1585 by Ralegh

Front 11

Cahokia

Back 11

A huge fortification and ceremonial site in Illinois that orginally rose high above the river and represented the greatest achievement of the Mississippian peoples.

Front 12

Columbian Exchange

Back 12

The exchange of plants, animals, culture, and diseases between Europe and the Americas from first contact throughout the era of exploration.

Front 13

Amerigo Vespucci

Back 13

An Italian adventurer who published a sensational account of his travels across the Atlantic that convinced German mapmakers he had proved America was distinct from Asia, thus they named the continent in his honor.

Front 14

Bartolome de las Casas

Back 14

A Dominican (a Catholic religious order) who published an eloquent defense of Indian rights, Historia de la Indias, which questioned the legitimacy of Europea conquest of the New World.