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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What time period are we talking about in Chapter 13?
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1600-1750
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What did Global Trade affect?
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Both merchant groups but also individual rulers and common people.
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Why did other European powers besides Spain and Portugal launch colonizing ventures?
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They also wanted a share of the gold/silver from the New World.
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How did global trade affect the Asian dynasties?
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Civil war occured, ut prompted strong new rulers in Japan.
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Where did all the silver come from?
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The New World
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What transformed the European diet?
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Sugar.
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Colonies were intended to supply what?
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Wealth for their "mother countries".
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What is mercantilism?
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The belief that colonies should provide wealth for their mother countries, or metrapole...and that the wealth of any one country comes at the expense of other countries.
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Why were colonies supposed to be closed to competitors?
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To prevent foreign trade from draining resources from the metropole.
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What is a Chartered Company?
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Visible examples of collaboration between state and merchant classes.
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What initially spurred enterprises to the New World? What became important?
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Precious metals and water routes to Asia.
- Exploiting other resources became necessary to make profit. |
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Where did the Dutch first settle?
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Near the Hudson River, near Manhattan.
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What was the original motive for the Dutch to enter the Americas?
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Profits from shipping. The Dutch merchants profited from handling other colonizer's goods.
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Why was the Dutch West India Company founded?
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To regulate commerce, promote settlements, and maintain the flow of slaves to the Caribbean.
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What was the French motive initially for crossing the Atlantic? What did it become?
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-Finding fast ways to get to Pacific
-Fur trading, especially badgers. |
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What were French-Indian relations like?
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Quite amiable, based on mutual trade.
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What was crucial to French trade in the Americas?
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The beaver.
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What is a metis?
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French-Indian offspring.
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What was part of the rationale for the French alliance with Indians?
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They both distrusted the English.
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What did the English colonize for originally?
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Precious metals, but this developed into crop growing.
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Why were relations with Indians so uncordial with the English?
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The English constantly needed more land for their crops, pushing and warring against Indians.
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What was the main export of Jamestown?
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Tabacco.
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Where was the post populous English colony in 1670?
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Barbados because of its sugar exporting.
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How did some slaves revolt in the New World?
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Flight, foot draging, pilfering, and sabotage.
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What did the prevalence of shipping mainly African male slaves have as an effect?
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Women slaves were higher disproportionate in the US, and in Africa, they became more important politically.
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What is the "queen mother" in Africa?
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the kpojito
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The King and the ____ were joint rulers in African countries.
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kpojito
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How were slaves put into slavery?
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They were sold by African merchants
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How did slave trade affect the Kongo Kingdom?
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Civil war, with the use on gunpowder becoming involved.
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Who was Queen Nzinga?
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A Kongo queen, christian. A shrewd politician and a masterful military planner. Fought slave trade.
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What was the capital of Asante state?
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Kumasi
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What did the Asante state benefit from?
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Gold
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Where did the Oyo Empire's strength come from?
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Impressive army with European weapons.
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Who were the big players in Africa?
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Kongo, Asante, Oyo empires.
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What empire replaced the Qing dynasty?
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The Ming
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What major city did the Portuguese take in SE Asia? Spain?
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Melaka
Manila |
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What was the purpose of the Dutch East India Company (VOC)?
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The Dutch wanted to challenge Spain and Portugal in SE Asia.
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What were the key exports of the VOC?
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spices, coffee, tea
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Where did the Koprulu family come from?
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Ottoman empire.
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What were the Koprulu reformations?
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Mehmed took over, rooted out corrupt peers, balanced the budget, and reversed Ottoman military misfortunes.
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How was the Mughal Empire doing in this time?
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It was doing VERY well, but had trouble governing smaller areas.
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What was Local Autonomy in Mughal Empire?
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Local warriors became kings and regional leaders, which resisted the authority.
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Who was the famous Mughal emperor here?
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Aurangzeb
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What family used trading and banking to undermine the Mughal Empire?
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Jagat Seths
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What is greed?
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The desire for wealth at the EXPENSE of other.
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What was the Medieval Fuedalism heirarchy?
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Kings, tenants-in-chief, knights, and peasants.
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What did lords pay vassals with?
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fiefs
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What was sort of medieval economic system?
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guilds and feudalism
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What did Malachy believe?
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Mercantilism was important.
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What were the main points of mercantilism?
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The World's wealth was fixed
Colonies existed for the metropole No trade between countries Use of charted royal companies |
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How did capitalism arrise?
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Competition for wealth between expanding empires.
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What are the institutions of capitalism?
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banks
insurance companies stock markets |
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What is the new golden rule?
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Mixing empires and capitalism
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What empires support capitalism?
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English and Dutch
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What is the "putting out" system
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NOT making money on the expense of others.
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Who wrote Wealth of Nations?
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Adam Smith
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What were the administrative problems of the Ming empire?
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The emperor had very little conrol.
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hat economic problems did the Mings have?
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Silver pressured peasants on their paying of taxes, which led to rebellion.
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Who were the Manchus?
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The new controllers of the Qin dynasty.
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What defined the Qing dyansty's policies?
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Flexible but maintained many pevious lawas.
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What was the Canton system?
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the Qing requireing European traders to have guild merchants act as guarantors.
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What was the Japanese empire at the time?
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Tokugawa
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What are Japanee ruling families?
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daimyos
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Where did Japan focus its trading?
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No where, all but the Dutch ere alloed to stay.
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independent variable
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the variable that is not affected by the dependent variable.
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