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122 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stephen W. Keamy
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famous for significan contributions in the Mexican-American War, especially the conquest of California
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Sam Houston
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Commander in Chief of the Texan force
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Battle of San Jacinto
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the last battle of the Texas revolution, and capture of Santa Anna
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Nueces River
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River in Texas
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49th Parrallel
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Oregon Boundary disputes
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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boundary disputes settled Texas and California is part of US
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Stephen F. Austin
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Established the first legal settlement in Texas. Empresario system - hire American agents to bring in American families to live in Texas
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Wilmot Proviso
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prohibits slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico
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Popular Sovereignty
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people of the individual territory decides the issues
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Sutter's Mill, CA
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gold discovered in California
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Ostend Manifesto
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rationale document about the US's Cuba purchase from Spain
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James Gadsen
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Gadsen's Purchase. Parts of Arizona and New Mexico was bought for $10 million
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Compromise of 1850
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Issues: Statehood of California (15 slave states and 15 non-slave states)
Henry Clay's Omnimus Bill - Breaks up Omnimus bill into individual components - Bill gets passed separately |
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Omnibus Bill
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Henry Clay's Idea
1. California: free state 2. No restrictions on slavery on land acquired from Mexico 3. Slave trade, not slavery, is illegal in Washington DC 4. More effective fugitive slave law |
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Fugitive Slave Law
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-more resistance in the north
-changes of "abolitionists conspiracy" by southern radicals - question of status of slaves in territories is important |
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Stephen Douglas
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Kansas-Nebraska Act & comromise of 1850 Composer
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Kansas-Nebraska Act
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-Territory divided
-Missouri Compromise repealed (northerners are not happy because free grounds become slave grounds) - popular sovereignty |
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"Bleeding Kansas"
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Antislavery in Lawrence, KS
Pro-Slavery in LeCompton, KS Civil war in KS |
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John Brown
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Pottawatomie Massacre.
anti-slavery zealot, believed that God has chosen him personally to eradicate slavery in the US |
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Pottawatomie Massacre
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John Brown and his followers murdered five pro-slavery settlers
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Charles Sumner
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US Senator of Massachusetts. Insults a senator of South Carolina in court
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Preston Brooks
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member of House from South Carolina
beats down Charles Sumner with his cane after Sumner insults his senator |
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Andrew P. Butler
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senator of South Carolina and Preston Brooks' uncle. He was the one being insulted by Charles Sumner
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Harriet Breecher Stowe
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author of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Most famous abolitionist novel
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John C. Fremont
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Republican nominee in the Election of 1856
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Republican Party
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dedicate to stopping the expansion of slavery
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Dred Scott
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Dred Scott vs Sanford, a slave.
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Roger B. Taney
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Chief Justice of Supreme Court & Slave Owner.
Decided the Scott vs Sanford case as Scott loser. |
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Lecompton Constitution
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framed a constitution legalizing slavery, and refused to give voters chance to reject it
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Freeport Doctrine
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Lincoln tried to force Douglas' to say a response about Scott vs Sanford decision by Taney
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Harper's Ferry Raid
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John Brown plans an uprising of the slaves, plan failed and he gets executed
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"Secret Six"
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group of men who secretly funded the raid of Harper Ferry
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Stephen A. Douglas
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Election of 1860 Northern Democrat
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James Breckinridge
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Election of 1860 Southern Democrat
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John Bell
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Election of 1860 Constitutional Union Party
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Constitution Union Party
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more moderate southerners
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Cooperationists
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those who aren't immediate secessionists. they want to cooperate with the union after following the extreme southern states' leaving of the union
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Montgomery, AL
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1st capital of the Confederacy
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Richmond, VA
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Later capital of confederacy
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Border States
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Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia
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Morrill Act
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Transferred substantial public acreage to the state governments, which could now sell the land and use the proceeds to finance public education
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Jefferson Davis
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president of the confederacy
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Alexander Stephens
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Vice President of the confederacy
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Fort Sumter
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first military action of the southern war
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Robert Anderson
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commander inside Fort Sumter (Union Side)
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PGT Beauregard
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Commander who bombarded Fort Sumter (Southern side)
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Copperheads
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Northerners who opposed the Civil War
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George B. McClellan
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ran against Lincoln as democratic leader but lost by a lot
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William Seward
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Secretary of State for Lincoln
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Trent Affair
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two confederate diplomats passing through the Union's Blockade to cuba
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Anaconda Plan
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- hold border states
- control MS River - Blockade southern ports - Protect Washington - Capture Richmond, VA |
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Shiloh
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after the battle of Shiloh, the North took control of the MS River
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Antietam
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the South invades the North.
bloodiest single day of the war |
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Emancipation Proclamation
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-free slaves in rebellious states
-War now about slavery - European powers not likely to aid slavery - Clarified status of runaway slaves - Some dissention in union ranks |
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Vicksburg
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Grant vs John C Pemberton
47 day siege ends in July 4, 1863 |
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Gettysburg
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George Meade vs Robert E. Lee
bigest battle of the war |
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"March to the sea"
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Major General William Sherman's Savannah Campaign destroying everything in Georgia
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Appomattox Court House
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Robert E Lee Surrenders his arym to Grant April 15, 1865
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Freedman's Bureau
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- Bureau under military
- tried to provide essentials to freed men & poor whites - schools opened under bureau - never provided long-term solution |
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Thaddeus Stevens
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Radical Side of the Republicans. Believed that somebody needs to pay for the war
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Lincoln's 10% plan
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once 10% of the 1860 electorate took the loyalty oath, states could begin the Reconstruction process
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Wade-Davis Bill
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-Radical Republicans answer to Lincoln's Plan
- provisional Governor appointed in each state - only those taking "ironclad oath" could participate |
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Ironclad Oath
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enabled a Republican coalition to come to power in Southern states
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Laura Keene
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first powerful female stage actress/manager
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Our American Cousin
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3-act play which premiered at Laura Keene's theatre
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John Wilkes Booth
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Shoots Lincoln at Ford's Theatre
sic semper tyranis "thus be at times" |
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Mary Surrat
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Lincoln's Conspirators housekeep owner
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Johnson's Plan
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President's Pardon for the wealthy ($20,000+)
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13th Amendment
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ends slavery
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14th Amendment
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defines citizenship
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15th Amendment
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protected voting rights
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Black Codes
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regulated activities of the freedmen
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Civil Rights Act 1866
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clarifies former slaves' rights
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Tenure of Office Act 1867
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restrict the power of the president to remove certain office-holders without the approval of senate
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Congressional Reconstruction
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By 1870, all southern states returned to the union
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Scalawags
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former Whigs who had never felt comfortable in the Democratic Party of farmers who lived in small remote areas where there had been little or no slavery
mostly southern white republicans |
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Carpetbaggers
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Northern white men usually in the army of the union looking the south as a promising land of opportunity and move to the South
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Hiram Revels
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first black US Senate
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"Mississippi Plan"
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Republicans are heavily abused where they intimidate the blacks when persuasion fails
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Wormley Hotel
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Deal between Northerners & Southerners in the election of 1876
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Election of 1876
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Hayes (Republican) vs Tilden (Democrat)
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Compromise of 1877
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Compromise in the election of 1876. Democrats agree not to challenge the election under these conditions
- Hayes removes all the troops from the South -Hayes appoints southerner to his cabinet -promise for fundings |
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Whiskey Ring
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Big controversy, usually by Northern Republicans involving liquor
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Supreme Order of the Star Spangled Banner
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created by Charles Allen to protest the Irish Roman Catholic and German Immigration into the US.
banned Catholics or aliens from holding public office |
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Brook Farm
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experimental farm where everyone does equal work
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Harriet Tubman
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heavily involved in the underground railroads (safe house of slaves) she went down into the south and freed some slaves over and over.
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Nat Turner
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Slave Preacher. Led band of 50 slaves and free blacks in South Hampton County, Virginia. Around 60 whites were murdered
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The Shakers
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endorsed the idea of sexual equality. would "shake themselves" free of sin
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Joseph Smith
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Leader of the Mormons
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Walt Whitman
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book of poem Leaves of grass celebrated democracy, the liberation of the individual spirit, and the pleasures of flesh
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Cyrus H. McComick
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invented the automatic reaper. reduced the men required to cut wheat by half.
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PT Barnum
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opened an American Museum in New York featuring midgets, Siamese twins, magicians and ventriloquists. Later opens a circus
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William Gilmore Simms
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his work expressed a broad nationalism that transcended his regional background, America's one of the greatest poet & novelist
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James Fenimore Cooper
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famous novelist who wrote about the American West
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Sylvester Graham
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Connecticut born Presbyterian minister and committed reformer, won many followers with the idea of fruit vegetables and eating healthy
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James DB De Bow
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calls for southern commercial expansion and economic independence from the North
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Free Soil Party
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Anti-slavery party
Presidential candidate John P. Hale |
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Liberty Party
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first national anti-slave party
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Liberator
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Newspaper stating anti-slavery
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William Lloyd Garrison
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founded the newspaper Liberator wanted to free the slaves immediately
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Hudson River School
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first great school for American Painters
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Gabriel Prosser
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Slave Blacksmith who organized 1000 slaves to rebel in Richmond, VA. Unsuccessful
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Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
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all men and women are created equal.
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Commonwealth vs Hunt
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declared that unions were lawful organizations and that strikes were lawful weapon.
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Slave codes
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1. cannot own property
2. cannot legally marry 3. cannot assemble without supervision 4. cannot carry firearms 5. cannot be taught to read or right |
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Colonization
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idea of moving the free to Africa (Liberia) but does not work because it is too expensive and freed blacks did not want to participate
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Know-nothings
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American Political movementa gainst the Irish catholics.
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Lowell system
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Labor and production model for women
Enlisted at young age, work for several years, save up the wages and get married |
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Manifest Destiny
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America was destined by God and by history to expand its boundaries over a vast sea.
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Western Telegraph Union Company
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all the independent lines had joined in one organization. Financial services and communications company.
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Erie Canal
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links Albany, NY with the Great Lakes
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Baltimore and Ohio RR
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the country's first common carrier, and first to carry scheduled freight and passenger service to public
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Charles Goodyear
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American inventor who developed a process to vulcanize rubber. created a major rubber industry
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Sojourner Truth
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former slave, travels around north giving speeches
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Samuel Morse
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helps develop the commercial use of telegraphy
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Oneida "perfectionists"
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Re-defined gender roles. experimented in unrestrained "free love"
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Horace Mann
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Great Educational reformer
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Richard Hoe
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Inventor who designed and improved the printing press. Steam-powered printing press.
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Denmark Vessey
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Free Black who planned a rebellion involving 9000 slaves. Executed
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Elijah Lovejoy
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opened people's eyes to the debates of slavery. minister right on the side of the Mississippi River. Killed because of slavery. People thought barbaric of the people who was pro-slavery
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Elias Howe
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constructed a sewing machine.
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Mary Lyon
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founded Mount Holoyoke, an academy for women
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