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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who were the first people to distinguish between their white and black slaves
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muslims
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why did white slaves have a higher value to the muslims than black slaves
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because they could bring a higher ransom from the christian enemy
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the word science did not take on its modern meaning until
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the 19th century
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the first natural philosophers were in
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ancient greece
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was there race in antiquity
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no
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is aristotle often interpreted as a racist
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yes
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(those who did not speak Greek) were like women, unfit for self-governance
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barbarians
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what did aristotle think about the color of ones skin and the shape of their face
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they were of little significance
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The medieval world replaced the ancient political ideas of Aristotle with a
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christian world view
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was there any medieval portrayal of people with black skins as being cursed by God in any special way?
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no
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people of one continent, Europe, taking people from a second continent, Africa, to a third continent, the Americas, to serve as a labor supply to generate wealth for the first continent is known as..
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the atlantic system
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The economic motor: the _______ ________
the systematic stripping of resources from the colony for the benefit of the mother country |
colonial system
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meaning that all humans were the descendents of Adam and Eve in a singular act of creation
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monogenecists
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According to ______ ______, people had different physical appearances because they came from different climates and it taught that everything in nature was connected to everything else in nature
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natural philosophy
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acted as a barrier to the development of racial ideology
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natural philosophy
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The grounds for a racial ideology began developing in the ___ century in...
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17th century
North America |
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Francois Bernier (1625—1688): The New Division of the Earth =
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first attempt to divide humanity by race
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_______ saw a group of organisms from common lines of descent that could produce fertile offspring
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Buffon
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who was the most famous at analyzing races and divided them into 5 different categories
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blumenbach
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economically it made more sense to enslave
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american indians
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why weren't ameriacan indians the primary ones enslaved?
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they could plot revolts with their free countrymen and easily disappear if they escaped. Additionally, their susceptibility to disease made them a poor labor force
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_______ argued that there were definite physical differences between American Indians and Europeans and therefore they could be considered Aristotle’s natural slaves
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sepulveda
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_______ and ______ Both agreed, however, that some people were natural slaves and that enslaving Africans was fully justified
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La Casas and Sepulveda
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As the Atlantic slave system reaped huge economic rewards for Europe and the colonies, the argument that Africans (and American Indians) could not _______ came to the forefront
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progress
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_______ produced antislavery writings, spoke highly of the american indians, but He clearly believed Negroes were fundamentally inferior to whites in intellectual
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Thomas Jefferson
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_______ thinkers such as Thomas Jefferson began writing that there were unbridgeable differences between black and white people
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enlightenment
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what are the 3 overtly racist regimes
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United States
Aparthied south africa nazi germany |
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what makes a regime overtly racist (5)
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1. official ideology thats explicitly racist
2. laws forbidding interracial marriage 3. social segregation is mandated by law 4. excluded from running for public office or voting 5. kept in poverty |
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wanting to convert a jew. *Hating their identity and religion, not them as a person
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anti-judaism
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hating a jew and wanting to kill them. not caring about converting them. there is a biological component associated with it
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anti-semitism
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the killer of God
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deicide
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according to frederickson, what is the greatest reason for anti-semitism (hating the jews)
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deicide (accusation that the jews killed God/Jesus)
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the idea that the conversion of jews was a christian duty was by
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St Augustine
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significance of st augustine
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- he drew the line between anti-j and anti-s.
- convinced christians to convert jews instead - prevented them from becoming like nazi germany |
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significance of the miracle of transubstantiation
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it was a way of connecting the jews of today with the jews that actually killed Christ by accusing them of tampering with the bread (poking holes in it)
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the birth of modern racism was developed during the time of ________, when people came up with a
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enlightenment
*scientific reasoning for racism |
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the curse of ham was used to justify
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slavery (particularly black slavery)
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christian universalism refers to the belief that
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all of the above
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the theory of polygenysis refers to the idea of
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multiple human origins
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enlightenment philosophy stressed
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science and reason
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fred argues that white supremacy attained its fullest ideological and institutional development in the United States during
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the Jim Crow Period
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fred stresses that one of the most dramatic expressions of racism in the overtly racist state are laws that
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prevent intermarriage
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ethonoracial demography refers to
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the percentage of the minority population
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did latin america societies pass jim crow lawas or ban intermarriage
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no
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fred argues that racism is the product of
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modernization
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in the US, WWI resulted in
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a huge migration of blacks to the north
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in germany, WWI result in a _______ in anti semitism
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increase
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anti-miscegenation laws prohibit
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racial intermarriage
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