Hist 120 -Pt 2

Front 1

COERCIVE ACTS

Back 1

- Prohibitions to pay off tea

o Boston port would be closed. ALL trade would stop until tea was paid for

o Prohibited Massachusetts people from choosing/electing their Royal Counsel. (Which was the only colony allowed to do so)

o Prohibited town meetings. (They only had 1 per year) These meetings elected people to their legislatures.

- Series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the growing unrest in thirteen American colonies, particularly in Boston, Massachusetts after incidents such as the Boston Tea Party.

Front 2

PROCLAMATION LINE

Back 2

- The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued October 7, 1763 by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War.

- The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Britain's vast new North American empire, and to stabilize relations with North American Indians through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier.

Front 3

THOMAS PAINE

Back 3

- Wrote Common Sense
- “Many of us are attached to monarchy. We cannot follow monarchy and not trust the king. Not even the hierarchy. we need to adopt a republic form of government”
- Last paragraph, “Since when does an island rule a continent?” --> How can England rule the U.S.

- Helped foment the American Revolution through his powerful writings, most notably Common Sense, an incendiary pamphlet advocating independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain

Front 4

RADICAL WHIGS

Back 4

- They played a significant role in the development of the American Revolution, as their republican writings were widely read by the American colonists

Front 5

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

Back 5

- The conflict resulted in the British acquiring Canada, while Spain gained Louisiana (New France) in compensation for its loss of Florida to the British

- Using trading posts and forts, both the British and the French claimed the vast territory between the Appalachians and the Mississippi river, from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, known as the Ohio Country

- Both European countries ignored Native American claims to the land in order to pursue their economies

Front 6

STAMP ACT

Back 6

- First real direct tax
- British imposed tax on printed items; Legal documents.

- Law enacted by a government that requires a tax to be paid on the transfer of certain documents such as property deeds.

- Those that pay the tax receive an official stamp on their documents.

Front 7

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

Back 7

- VA claimed land west of Kentucky and north to the great lakes
- Rhode Island and Maryland thought this was unfair for VA to have so much land.

- 70% of states in the continental congress had to okay before approving a law.
- United the Thirteen Colonies of the American Revolutionary War into a loose confederation

Front 8

SHAYS REBELLION

Back 8

- Farms were loosing mortgages
- Many farms lost their property
- “Civil war” in Massachusetts

- An armed uprising in western Massachusetts from 1786 to 1787. The rebels, led by Daniel Shays and known as Shaysites (or "Regulators"), were mostly small farmers angered by crushing debt and taxes.

- Failure to repay such debts often resulted in imprisonment in debtor's prisons

- A Massachusetts militia that had been raised as a private army defeated the main Shaysite force on February 3, 1787.
- The lack of an institutional response to the uprising energized calls to reevaluate the Articles of Confederation, giving strong impetus to the Constitutional Convention, begun in May, 1787.

Front 9

JAMES MADISON

Back 9

- Known as the "Father of the Constitution," he played a leading role in the creation of the United States Constitution in 1787, and, together with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, was among the chief expounders of its meaning in the Federalist Papers

- Leading theorist of republicanism as a political value system for the new nation.

- With Thomas Jefferson, they created the Republican party, in opposition to the Federalist party

- As Jefferson's Secretary of State, he handled the Louisiana Purchase, doubling the nation's size. As president he declared war on Britain, the War of 1812.

Front 10

JOHN ADAMS

Back 10

- A Founding Father of the United States and American politician who served as the first Vice President of the United States (1789–1797), and the second President of the United States

Front 11

ALEXANDER HAMILTON

Back 11

- Part of Washington’s original 4 cabinet members – Secretary of Treasurer

- Founder of the Federalist Party

- Helped inspire the first national bank

Front 12

ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS

Back 12

- Acts of Congress passed during the administration of President John Adams

- Designed to protect the United States from aliens alleged to be dangerous and to muffle internal dissent.

Front 13

AARON BURR

Back 13

- Duel with Alexander Hamilton, resulting in Hamilton's death

Front 14

THE FEDERALIST PAPERS

Back 14

- 85 articles arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution.

- Written by Alexander Hamilton (who wrote 51), James Madison (29), and John Jay

Front 15

LOUISIANA PURCHASE

Back 15

Doubled the size of the US