Hist 101B Test 2

Front 1

French Revolution

Back 1

1789-1815. It started because the french helped the American colonies. The American Revolution started the French Revolution. It was really violated and it was a lot of people getting their heads cut off. 1793, The king and queen were executed. The reign of terror happened. Napoleon he didn’t calm it down but he did not make it bigger.

Front 2

Nationalism

Back 2

j

Front 3

Otto von Bismarck

Back 3

1815-1898. Prussian statesman who made wars happen to bring German states together into a German Empire.

Front 4

Congress of Vienna

Back 4

September 1814-1815. Meeting of big European countries, redrawing of boundaries to “balance out” European powers. Took a lot of land away from France, gave land to Prussia, Russia, and Austria. Formed format for European politics until WWI.

Front 5

Haitian Revolution

Back 5

1791-1804, it was happened because of the french revolution. The slaves were done and they killed a lots of white people and mixed people. A lot of fighting. Toussant Louverture he was a slave then he took over the revolution. The effects it was the only successful slave revolt and it was 2nd independent country in the americas.

Front 6

Liberalism

Back 6

Developed in the 1800’s. Response to the Industrial Revolution, ideas argued by John Locke and Adam Smith. Political system that argues freedom with representative government.

Front 7

International Division of Labor

Back 7

Idea that, based on the development level of a country, their people will do more advanced work. Underdeveloped countries do mining and agriculture, more developed countries do things more like production and desk jobs.

Front 8

Industrialization

Back 8

When a country transforms itself from agriculture to manufacturing. Started happening with the Industrial Revolution in 17-1800s, is important because it furthers modern ideals of the world.

Front 9

Socialism

Back 9

A political and economic system where ownership is shared within society, or is owned publicly instead of privately, like in capitalism. Individuals aren’t allowed to own their own property.

Front 10

Utopian Socialists

Back 10

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, early 1800s. Saw Socialism as being a far off ethical ideal to work towards, more than an economic or political system.

Front 11

Karl Marx

Back 11

1818-1883. Prussian philosopher, believer in socialism who wrote the Communist Manifesto. Argued for the working class, disliked the rich upper class.

Front 12

Tanzimat Reforms

Back 12

1839-1876. Reformation that changed the Ottoman Empire to be more Western.

Front 13

Great Reforms (Russia)

Back 13

Modernization of Russia, including abolition of serfdom. Happened after Russia lost war in Crimea, they realized they needed to modernize to catch up with the rest of the world.

Front 14

Abdul Hamid

Back 14

???

Front 15

Russian Revolution of 1905

Back 15

Happened after Russia lost a war to Japan, and was started by Russian troops firing on defenseless workers. Led to the Czar granting civil liberties and granting a representative legislative body to be elected democratically.

Front 16

Young Turks

Back 16

1878. Movement that was a reaction to Ottoman Empire’s absolutist rule. (EXPAND UPON)

Front 17

Modernization

Back 17

j

Front 18

Boxer Rebellion

Back 18

j

Front 19

Qing Dynasty

Back 19

last imperial dynasty in China, lasted from 1644-1912.

Front 20

Meiji Japan

Back 20

1868-1912. Took over Tokugawa Shogunate, changed all of the government, abolished the Samurai army, moved Japan from being a feudal society to a modern society. Changes affected Japan’s social structure, internal politics, economy, military, and foreign relations.

Front 21

First Opium War (1839-1842)

Back 21

Between Britain & China. Treaty of Nanjing (1842). China, forced to accept free trade and “proper” relations among countries

Front 22

Second Opium War (1856-1858)

Back 22

Brought about because Europeans vandalized the imperial Summer Palace. More treaty ports to foreigners. China, forced to open to foreign missionaries. Western powers to patrol some of China’s interior waterways

Front 23

Hidalgo

Back 23

a member of the Spanish or Portuguese nobility, identifying a nobleman without a title. In practice, hidalgos were exempted from paying taxes, yet owned little real property.

Front 24

Monroe Doctrine

Back 24

1823 American foreign policy, instituted by President Monroe. Said that European efforts to colonize North or South American land would be seen as acts of aggression and the US would intervene. Was result of US working with Britain because neither country wanted Spain or Portugal to be powerful.

Front 25

Gran Colombia

Back 25

name used today for the state that encompassed much of northern South America and part of southern Central America from 1819 to 1831.

Front 26

Gauchos

Back 26

South American equivalent of cowboys, found usually in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Chile. Work with cattle, are excellent horsemen. Greatly admired and part of folklore in Uruguay and Argentina.

Front 27

Simon Bolivar

Back 27

1783-1830. A Venezuelan military and political leader who played an important role in establishing Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and Colombia as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule.

Front 28

Mexican-American War

Back 28

1846-1848, Armed conflict between Mexico and the United States. Happened after US annexed Texas, which Mexico considered part of its land. Highly controversial in US because of cost and casualties, led to unstable politics and the Civil War.