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6 Cards in this Set

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Loyalists
group that made up 1/5 of population in colonies that remained loyal to Britain and rejected American independence. Examples include british officials, Anglican clergy and tenant farmers. They feared power in hands of colonial leaders because they had shown little concern for their interests in the past. American revolutionaries feared the impact of these people on their war efforts and prescribed severe punishments. Showed one group of people that imposed a threat on American freedom efforts.
These people show that not everyone was for
independence, but it does show that enough people were for independence to gain
it and band together for what they believed in.
Common Sense
most popular pamphlet of rev. era written by Thomas Paine
reached out to common people who weren’t rep in parliament in plain language. It changed the dynamic of political discussion where ppl started to ask what the future gov should look like instead of what their relations with brit looked like
After published, independence became inevitable. It called for complete independence and establishment of a republic. Bridged commoners and gentry on political issues. Important because it makes a connection between nature and reason.
Saratoga
considered to be a turning point of American rev war and suggested the reconquest of ameri might be beyond british strength. It marked the first time in history of Britain being diplomatically isolated. by defeat and capture of a major british military force that secured northern American forces from attacks out of Canada. Convinced French that it was worth supporting American colonies
Yorktown
climax of the Revolutionary War
American troops surrounded and bombarded general Cornwallis at Yorktown which letd to his surrender of his army of 8000. even though tho the war didn’t end right away, the surrender at Yorktown mean American independence. This was the final major battle of the rev. war which resulted in the treaty of paris, which finalized American independence.
Franco-American Alliance of 1778
This alliance took place because of Benjamin Franklins work to strengthen ties between France and The United States. His efforts were recognized in 1778 when two treaties were signed- the Treaty of Amity and Commerce and the Treaty of Alliance. In the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, France recognized American independence by establishing trade ties with the new nation. In the Treaty of Alliance, France and the United States promised that neither would negotiate peace with the enemy without consulting the other. France also formally abandoned any claim to Canada and to North American territory east of the Mississippi River.

This is significant because France began to provide aid to Americans openly, sending troops and naval vessels in addition to arms, ammunition, clothing, and blankets. The French aided the Americans throughout the American Revolution, but in the last years their assistance was vital to American success. Also, Britain could no longer focus solely on the American mainland, for it had to fight France in the Caribbean and elsewhere.
When spain entered the war as an ally of France, the revolution became a global war
"Natural" Aristocracy
one interpretation of "republicanism" held by educated elite [ex. the Adams family]
one of the ideas promoting equality and social harmony that said that ability, not birth or who you know is what mattered. The revolutionaries stressed not only open careers but also ability of common people to elect those who had the merit and integrity. Believed in the common sense of the people and that commoners could potentially lead which caused tensions between the elite and commoners. Natural aristocracy embodies republicanism, that believes in independent civic virtue for everybody, the best.