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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motions of Hip Joint |
flexion
extension
ADD/ABD
internal (medial) rotation
external (lateral) rotation |
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Hip Flexors |
- psoas major & minor
- iliacus
- rectus femoris
- sartorius |
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Psoas Major |
O: vertebral bodies of T12-L5, transverse processes of all lumbar vertabrae
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion
N: lumbar nerves 1-3 |
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Psoas Minor |
O: vertebral bodies of T12-L1
I: pectineal line & iliopectineal eminence
A: hip flexion (weak)
N: lumbar nerves 1-2
* only 40% of people have this muscle |
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Iliacus |
O: iliac fossa, iliac crest, ala of sacrum & anterior sacroiliac ligaments
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: hip flexion
N: femoral nerve |
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Strengthening & Stretching Iliopsoas |
Strengthening: hip flexion; sitted hip flexion with ankle weight
Stretching: hip extension |
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Hip Extensors |
- gluteus maximus (prime mover)
- biceps femoris
- semimembranosus
- semitendinosus |
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Gluteus Maximus |
O: Ilium (posterior to gluteal line), dorsal surface of sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
I: ITB, gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: hip extension, ADD & ER
N: inferior gluteal nerve |
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Strengthening & Stretching Gluteus Maximus |
Strengthening: hip extension
Stretching: hip flexion |
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Hip Adductors |
- adductor magnus
- adductor longus
- adductor brevis
- pectineus
- gracilis |
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Adductor Magnus |
O: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, & ischial tuberosity
I: gluteal tuberosity, inferior portion of linea aspera, medial supracondylar line & adductor tubercle
A: hip ADD, flexion (upper), hip extension (lower)
N: obturator & sciatic |
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Adductor Longus |
O: body of pubis
I: middle third of linea aspera
A: hip ADD
N: obturator |
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Adductor Brevis |
O: body & inferior ramus of pubis
I: superior portion of linea aspera & pectineal line
A: hip ADD
N: obturator |
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Pectineus |
O: superior ramus of pubis
I: pectineal line of femur (just inferior to lesser trochanter)
A: ADD & flexion of hip, assists with hip IR
N: femoral nerve |
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Strengthening & Stretching Adductors |
Strengthening: hip ADD
Stretching: hip ABD or butterflies |
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Hip Abductors |
- gluteus medius (prime mover)
- gluteus minimus
- tensor fascia latae (opposes gluteus maximus)
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Gluteus Medius |
O: external surface of ilium
I: greater trochanter
A: Hip ABD & IR
N: superior gluteal nerve |
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Gluteus Minimus |
O: external surface of ilium
I: greator trochanter
A: hip ABD & IR
N: superior gluteal nerve |
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Tensor Fasciae Latae |
O: ASIS & iliac crest
I: ITB
A: hip flexion, ABD & IR
N: superior gluteal nerve |
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Strengthening & Stretching Abductors |
Strengthening: hip ABD lead with heel
Stretching: ADD |
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Hip Internal Rotators |
No prime movers
Synergists include: - pectineus - gluteus medius - gluteus minimus - TFL |
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Hip External Rotators |
- piriformis (prime mover)
- superior gemelli
- inferior gemelli
- obturator internus
- obturator externus
- quadratus femoris |
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Piriformis |
O: anterior sacrum (& sacrotuberous ligament)
I: greater trochanter
A: hip ER
N: sacral 1st & 2nd |
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Obturator Externus |
O: obturator foramen & obturator membrane
I: trochanteric fossa of femur
A: hip ER
N: obturator nerve |
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Obturator Internus |
O: pelvis surface of obturator membrane
I: medial surface of greater trochanter
A: hip ER & abducts hip when flexed
N: nerve to obturator internus |
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Gemelli Superior & Inferior |
O: ischial spine (superior) & ischial tuberosity (inferior)
I: medial surface of greater trochanter
A: hip ER & abducts hip when flexed
N: nerve of obturator internus (superior) & nerve to quadratus femoris (inferior) |
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Quadratus Femoris |
O: ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest of femur
A: hip ER
N: nerve to quadratus femoris |
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Stretching hip external rotators |
Stretching: externally rotate hip & pull leg toward body OR internal rotation |
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Sciatica |
the piriformis can cause issues with sciatic nerve
88% of people have sciatica |
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Potential causes of Sciatica |
A. sciatic nerve runs under piriformis
B. piriformis bisects sciatic nerve
C. piriformis runs in middle of sciatic nerve
D. sciatic nerve runs in midde of piriformis |
