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437 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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dendrites
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branching fibers of a neuron
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CSF
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cerebrospinal fluid
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LP
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lumbar puncture can be diagnostic or theraputic
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cerebrum
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thinking,personality, sensations,movements, memory
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thalmus
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relay station of sensory impulses, control of awarness, consciousness
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hypothalmus
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body temp, sleep, appetite, emotions, control of the pituitary
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cerebellum
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coodrination of vol. movements and balance
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pons
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connections of nerves, eyes adn face.
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medulla oblongata
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nerve fibers cross over left to right containes centeres to regulate heart, blood vessels, and respitory system
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spinal chord
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extends from medulla to 2nd lumbar vertebra
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dura matter
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outermost membrain of the brain
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arachnoid membrane
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second layer of brain- web like fibers to attatch to other layers
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pia matter
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third and closet layer of the brain
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subarachniod space
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contains csf
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autonomic nervous system
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nerves contro the invol. body functions of muscles glands and internal organs
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axon
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microscopic fiber carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
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brainstem
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lower portion of the brain, connecting the cerebrum with the spinal chord include ponds and medulla
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cell body
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part o fifth nerve that contains the neculus
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central nervous system
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brain and the spinal cord
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cerebellum
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posterior part of the of the brain tha coordinates the muscle movements and maintains balance
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cerebral cortex
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outer region of the cerebrum, containing sheets of nerve cells , gray matter of the brain
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cranial nerves
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12 pairs of nerves that carry mesages to and from the brain with regart to the head and neck
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myelin sheath
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covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cellm speed impulse conduction
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parasympathetic nerves
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invol. autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing and muscles of GI tract
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peripheral nervous system
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nervers outside the brain and spinal cord cranial, spinal and autonomic nerves
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spinal nerves
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31 pairs of nerves arising from spinal cord
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stimulus
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agent of of change, in the internal or external environment tha evokes a response
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cerrebell/o
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cerebellum
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cerebr/o
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cerebrum
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dur/o
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dura mater
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encephal/o
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brain
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gli/o
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glio cells
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lept/o
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thin,slender
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mening/o
meningi/o |
membranes, meninges
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myelo
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spinal cord, ( bone marrow)
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neuro
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nerve
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radicul/o
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nerver root (spinal nerves)
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thalm/o
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thalmus
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thec/o
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sheath (referes to menenges)
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vag/o
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vagus nerve
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alges/o
algesia |
excessive sensitivity to pain
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comat/o
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deep sleep (coma)
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esthesi/o
-esthesia |
feeling, nervous sensation
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kines/o
kinesi/o -kinesia -kinesis -kinetic |
movement
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-lepsy
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seizure
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-paresis
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weakness
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-phasia
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speech
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-plegia
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paralysis
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-praxia
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action
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-sthenia
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strength
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syncop/o
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to cut off, cut short
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tax/o
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order corrdination
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hydroencephalus
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abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain
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spina bifida
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congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column cause by imperfect union of the vertebral parts
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meningocele
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the meninges protrudes to the outside of the body
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myelomeningocele
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both the meninge and the spinal cord protrude
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Alzheimer disease (AD)
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Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive menatl deterioration (dementia) personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning
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amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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degenerative disorder of the motor neurons of the spinal chord and brainstem (Lou Gherigs disease
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epilepsy
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chronic brain disorder, recurrent seziure activity
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tonic-clonic seizures (grand Mall)
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sudden loss oc conscious, tonic contractions
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absence seizures (petit mal)
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minor form of a seizure,momentary clouding of the senses
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huntington disease (huntington chorea)
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hereditary disorder, degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to abrupt invol. movements and mental deterioratoiin
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multiple sclerosis (MS)
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destruction of the myelin sheath or the neurons (CNS) and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue
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myasthenia gravis (MG)
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auto immune neuromuscular disorder cahracterized by weakness of vol. muscles
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palsy
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paralysis (patial or complete) loss of moter function
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cerebral palsy
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partial paralysis and lack of muscular coordinatoin caused by loss of oxygen (hypoxia) or blood to the cerebrum during pregnancy or in the perinatal period
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parkinsons disease
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degeneration of the neurons in the basal ganglia, occurring in later life and leading to tremors , weaknes of musslces and slowness of movement
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palliative
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releiving symptoms but not curative
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tourette syndrome
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invlulantary,spasmodic, twitchingmevements, uncontorllable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words
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herpes zoster (shingles)
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viral infection affecting peripheral nerves
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meningitis
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inflamation of hte meninges, lepthomeningitis
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human imunodeficiency virus encephalopthy
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brain disease and dementia occurring with AIDS
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brain tumor
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abnormal growth of brain tissue and maninges
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cerebral concussion
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temporary brain dysfunction (9breif loss of cinsciousness) after injury, usually clears w/in 24 hours
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cerebral contusion
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brusing of th ebrain tissue as reslults of direct trauma to the head, symptoms last longer than 24 hours
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coma
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loss of consciousness (reversible and irreversible)
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cerebrovascular accident(CVA)
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disruptin in the normal blood supply to the brain (stroke)
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three types of strokes
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thrombotic, embolic, hemorragic
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infarction
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stationary, sudden insuffiency of blood suply to th eorgan, produces microscopic area of necrosis
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ischemia
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decreas in blod flow
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necrosis
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pathalogical death of tissue or organ
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migraine
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sever, recurrin, unilateral, vascular headache
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aneurysm
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enlarged, weakend area in an arterial wall, which may rupture, leading to hemorrage and CVA
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gait
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manner of walking
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occlusion
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blockage
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TIA
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trans ischemic attack
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cerebrospinal fluid analysis
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samples of CSF are examined
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cerebral angiography
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x-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessel in the brain after injection of contrast material
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ct of the brain
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xray that generates computerized multiple images of the brain an spinal cord
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myelography
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xray imaging of the spinal canal after injection of contrast in sub arachnoid space
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electroencephalography
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recording of the electrical activity of the brain
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AD
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ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
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AVM
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ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION CONGENITAL, TANGLE OF ARTERIES and VEINS IN THE CEREBRUM
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CNS
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
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EEG
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ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY
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LP
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LUMBAR PUNCTURE
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MS
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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
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TIA
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TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK
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arteries
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lg blood vessels carry blood away form the heart
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systemic circulation
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blood pathway from heart to tissue cappilaries back to heart
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vena cavea, (superior vena cavea/ inferior vena cava)
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two largest veins in the body
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right atrium, wht type of blood enters
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o2 poor blood enters the heart
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tricuspid valve
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from rt atrium to the rt ventricle
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pulmonary valve
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valve between the rt ventricle and the pulmonary artery
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pulmanary veins
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(o2 rich blood form lungs to the heart (left atrium)
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mitral valve WHERE?
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from left atrium to the left vent. thn to body
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aortic valve
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branches of the top of the heat to bring blood to body
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interarterial septum
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separtated the atriums
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interventricular septum
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separated the ventircls
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endocardium
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lining of the interior of the heart and valves
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myocardium
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middle muscle layer of the heart
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pericarduim
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two layers the visceral and the paritel surrounds the heart
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diastole
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relaxtion of the heart
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systole
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contraction of th eheart
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murmur
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extra sound in the heart
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sinoatral node (SA)
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pace maker of th eheart
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electro cardiogram
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record o fht eleectrical action of the heart
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normal sinus rhythum
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normal heart rythun originating in th eSA node and traveling thru the heart
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arteriole
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small artery
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artrioventricular node
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impluses from SA node travel here to go thru heart muscles ( in the walls between the aorta
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atrium
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plural atria, one of the upper two chambers of the heart
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coranary arteries
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blood vessels branch from aorta and carry o2 blood to the heart muscle
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mitral valve also known as
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bi cuspid valve
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pulmonary artery
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artery carrying 02 poor blood to lungs
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pulmonary vein
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one of 2 pairs of vessels carrying 02 blood from lungs to the heart (lt atruim)
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pulse
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beat of the heart felt thru the walls of the arteries
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where is tri cuspid valve
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between the rt atrium and ventricle
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valve
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structure in veins that temporarily closes an opening so blood flows only in one direction
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venule
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small vein
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angi/o
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vessel
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aort/o
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aorta
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arter/o arteri/o
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artery
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athler/o
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yellowish plaque, fatty substance
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atri/o
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atrium , upper chanber of heart
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brachi/o
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arm
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cardi/o
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heart
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cholesterol/o
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choloesterol
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coron/o
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heart
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cyan/o
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blue
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myx/o
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mucus
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ox/o
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oxygen
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pericardi/o
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pericardium
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phleb/o
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vein
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rrhythm/o
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rhythum
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sphygm/o
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pulse
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steth/o
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chest
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thromb/o
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clot
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valvul/o, valv/o
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valve
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vas/o
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vessel
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vascul/o
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vessel
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ven/o, ven/i
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vein
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ventricul/o
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ventricle, lower heart
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arrhythmias
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abnormal heart rhythums
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bradycardia and heart block
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pacemaker will fix, the failing of proper conduction of impluses from the SA node thru the Av node to av bundle (bundle of hiss)
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cardiac pace maker
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over comes arrythimias and keeps heart beating at proper rate
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flutter
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rapid but regular contractoins , usually the atria
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fibrillation
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very rapid randon ineffecient irregular contractions of the heart
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AV fibrillation
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most common type of cardiac arrythima
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palpitations
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uncomfotable sensations in chest from missed heart beats
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implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)
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cardio version
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congenital heart disease
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abnormalities in the heart at birth
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coarctation of the aorta (CoA)
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narrowing of the aorta
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Patent ductus ateriosus (PDA)
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pasageway between the aorta and pulmonoary artery remain open after birth
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septal defects
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small holes between the atria or the ventricles
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extra corpporal circulation is also the use of a
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heart and lung machine
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tetralogy of Fallot
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congenital malformation involving 4 distinct heart features:
1) pulmonary artery stenosis 2) ventricular septal defect 3) shift of aorta the the right 4) hypertrophy of the rt ventricle,, at birth - blue baby |
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congestive herat failure (CHF)
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heat is unable to pump its required amount of blood
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coronary artery disease (CAD)
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disease of the arteries surrounding the heart (atherosclerosis)
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thrombotic occlusion
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blocking of a coronary artery by a clot
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ischemia
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blood flow decreased or stopped causing necrosis
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acute coronary syndromes(ACS's)
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condition caused be myocardial ischema
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unstable angina
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chest pain at rest or chrest painof increasing frequency
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coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)
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bypass the blockage
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thrombotic occlusion
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blocking of a coronary artery by a clot
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ischemia
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blood flow decreased or stopped causing necrosis
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acute coronary syndromes(ACS's)
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condition caused be myocardial ischema
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unstable angina
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chest pain at rest or chrest painof increasing frequency
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coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)
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bypass the blockage
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percutaneous coranary interventioin (PCI)
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use of baloon and stents to open clogged arteries
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endocarditis
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inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
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emboli
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clots floating thru the blood
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hypertensive heart disease
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hi blood pressure affecting the heart
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mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
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inpropper closure of the mitral valve (floopy valve sound, barlow's syndrome, click murmur syndrome
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murmur
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extra heart sound heard between normal beats
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pericarditis
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inflamation of the membrane (pericardium) surrounding the heart
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rheumatic heart disease
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heart disease caused by rheumatic fever
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aneurysm
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local widening (dilation ) of an arterial wall
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porcine graft
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graft made out of pig
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deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
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blood clot (thrombus) formed in large vein, usually in a lower limb
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hypertension(HTN)
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high blood pressure
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peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
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blockage of arteries carrying blood to legs , arms, kindeys, and other organs
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raynaud disease
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recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes
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varicose veins
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abnormally swollen and twised veins, usually in the legs
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computed tomography angiography (CTA)
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3d xray images of heart and coronary arteries
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digital subtraction(DSA)
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video equipt. and computer to produce xray images fo blood vessels
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echocardiography (ECHO)
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echos generatedbyhigh freq. sound waves produce images of heart
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cardiac MRI
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images of herat produced using radiowave in magnetic feild
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cardiac catheterization
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thin flex tube guided into the heart via a vein or and artery
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electrocardiography (ECG)
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recording of electricity of heart
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holter monitoring
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ECG device worn during 24 hr period to detect heart arrhythmias
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stress test
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exercise tollerance test (ETT) determins the hearts response to physical exertion
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coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
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arteries and veins, are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detur around blockages. ;minimall invasive CABG, smaller incisions instead of traditional sternomoty to open the chest
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defibrillation
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breif charges of electricity are applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias
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endarterectomy
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surgical removal of plaque from inner layer of an artery
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heart transplantation
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a donor heartis transferred to a recipient
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drug-eluting stents (DES's)
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stents are coated with coating that relaeases drug to prevent scar tissue formatoin
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thrombolytic therapy
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drugs to disolve cloat are injected onto the bloodstream of pt.s with coronary thrombosis
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percutaneous transluminalcoronartery angioplasty (PCTA)
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laser angioplasty and atherectomy (burns away plaque)
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ACS
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ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
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AED
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AUTOMATIC EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR
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AF, a-fib
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ATRIAL FIB.
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AICD
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AUTOMATIC IMPLANTABLE CORDIOCONVERTER/DEFIBRILLATOR
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AMI
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ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
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AS
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AORTIC STENOSIS
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ASD
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ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT
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AV A-V
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ATRIOVENTRICULAR
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BBB
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BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK
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BP
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BLOOD PRESSURE
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CABG
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CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING
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CAD
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CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
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CCU
|
CORONARY CARE UNIT
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Cath
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CATHETERIZATION
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CHF
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CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
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CPR
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CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
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CV
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CARDIOVASCULAR
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DES
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DRUG-ELUTIN STENT
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DSA
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DIGITAL SUBTRACTION ANGIOGRAPHY
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DVT
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DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS
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ECG/ EKG
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ELECTRO CARDIOGRAPHY
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ECHO
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ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
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ETT
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EXERCISE TOLERANCE TEST
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HTN
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HYPERTENSION (HIGH BLOD PRESSURE)
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ICD
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INPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIB.
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LV
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LEFT VENTRICLE
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LVH
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LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY
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MI
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MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
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MR
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MITRAL REGURGITATION
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MVP
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MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE
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NSR
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NORMAL SINUS RYTHUM
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PCI
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PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
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PDA
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PATENT DUCTUS ARETRIOSUS, POSTERIOR DECENDING ARTERY
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PVC
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PREMATURE VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION
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SA, S-A NODE
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SINO ATRIAL NODE
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SCD
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SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
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SOB
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SHORTNESS OF BREATH
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PTCA
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PERCUTANOUS TRANS LUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY
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UA
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UNSTABLE ANGINA , CHEST PAIN AT REST OR OF INCRESING FREQUENCY
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VF
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VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATIOIN
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VT
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VENTRICULAR TCHYCARDIA
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plasma
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straw coloerd liquid portion of the blood
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leukocytes
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white blood cells
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platlets
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thrombocytes- clotting cells
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coagulation
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blood clotting
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universal donor blood type
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type o
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universal receipent blood type
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type AB
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anti body (Ab)
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protein (imunoglobin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, virusis, ot other antigens
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antigen
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substance (usually forigen) that stimulates produtin of antibodies
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electrophoresis
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method of separating serum proteins thru electircal charge
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erythrocyte
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red blood cell
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hemoglobin
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blood protein containing iron, carries 02
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hemolysis
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destruction of RBC
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heparin
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anti coagulant in blood and tissue cells
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plasma
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liquid portoin of theblood contains h2o, proteins, salts nutrients hormones and vitamins
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plasmapheresis
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removal of plasme from blood thru ceterfuge
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serum
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plasma minus cloting proteins and cells
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thrombocyte
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platelet
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bas/o
|
base
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chrom/o
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color
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cyst/o
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cell
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eosin/o
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red, dawwn, rosy
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erythr/o
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red
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granul/o
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granules
|
|
|
hem/o
|
blood
|
|
|
hemat/o
|
blood
|
|
|
hemoglobin/o
|
hemoglobin
|
|
|
is/o
|
same
|
|
|
kary/o
|
neculeus
|
|
|
leuk/o
|
white
|
|
|
mon/o
|
singular, one
|
|
|
morph/o
|
shape, form
|
|
|
myelo
|
(both spinal chord and bone marrow
|
|
|
phag/o,
|
eat , swallow
|
|
|
phase/o
|
speech
|
|
|
sider/o
|
iron
|
|
|
spher/o
|
globe, round
|
|
|
thromb/o
|
clot
|
|
|
-apheresis
|
removal, a carrying away
|
|
|
-blast
|
imature cell, embryonic
|
|
|
-cytosis
|
abnormal condition of cells
|
|
|
-emia
|
blood condition
|
|
|
-globin, globulin
|
protein
|
|
|
-lytic
|
pertaining to destruction
|
|
|
-oid
|
derived from
|
|
|
-osis
|
abnormal condition
|
|
|
-penia
|
deficency
|
|
|
-pahge
|
eat, swallow
|
|
|
-philia
|
atraction for
|
|
|
-phoresis
|
carrying , transmission
|
|
|
-stasis
|
stop control
|
|
|
anemia
|
deficency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin
|
|
|
aplastic anemia
|
failure of blood cell production in bone marow
|
|
|
hemolytic anemia
|
reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
|
|
|
pernicious anema
|
lack of mature RBC caused by inablilty to absorb vitamin b12 in the body
|
|
|
sickle cell anemia
|
heredatiry condtiond characterized by abnormal "sickle" shape of rbs and by hemolysis
|
|
|
thalassemia
|
inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, find in mediterrainean background
|
|
|
hemochromatosis
|
excess iron depositis thru the body
|
|
|
polycythemia vera
|
general increase in RBC's
|
|
|
hemophilia
|
excessive bleeding caused by herediatary lack of blod clotting factors
|
|
|
purpura
|
mulitple pinpont hemmorages and accumulation of blood under the skin
|
|
|
petechiae
|
tiny purple or red flat spots apearing on skin
|
|
|
ecchymoses
|
bruiseing
|
|
|
lukemia
|
increase of WBC
|
|
|
AML
|
ACUTE MYELOGENOUS
|
|
|
ALL
|
ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LUKEMAI
|
|
|
CML
|
CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LUKEMIA (MEYLOCYTIC)
|
|
|
CLL
|
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LUKEMAI
|
|
|
REMISSION
|
dissappearance of signs and symptoms of a disease
|
|
|
relapse
|
when disease symptoms and signs reappear needing further treatment
|
|
|
mononucleosis
|
infestious disease marked by increase in WBC and enlagred cervical lymphnodes
|
|
|
multiple myeloma
|
malignanat neoplasm of bone marow
|
|
|
coagulation time
|
time needed for venus blood to clot in a test tube
|
|
|
complete blood count (CBC)
|
lab test
|
|
|
red blood cell count (RBC)
|
# of RBC / 1mm3 of blood
|
|
|
white blood cell diffrential (count)
|
# of WBs / 1mm3 of blood
|
|
|
blood transfusion
|
whole blood cells are taken from a donor and given to a pt/recepiant
|
|
|
bone marrow biopsy
|
micriscopic exam of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
|
|
|
hematopoietic stem cell transplantaion
|
peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient
|
|
|
ABO
|
FOUR MAIN BLOOD TYPES, A,B,AB,O
|
|
|
Ab
|
ANTIBODY
|
|
|
CBC
|
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
|
|
|
HgB, HGB
|
HEMOGLOBIN
|
|
|
H &H
|
HEMOBGLOBIN AND HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
HcT
|
HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
PT
|
PROTHROMBIN TIME
|
|
|
RBC
|
RED BLOOD CELL
|
|
|
WBC
|
WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT
|
|
|
NATURAL IMMUNITY
|
PROTECTION THA IS INHERITED
|
|
|
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
|
BODY PRODUCED ANTIBODYS AND MOBILIZE LYMPOCYTES TO FIGHT INFECTION
|
|
|
Ab
|
ANTIBODY
|
|
|
CBC
|
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
|
|
|
HgB, HGB
|
HEMOGLOBIN
|
|
|
H &H
|
HEMOBGLOBIN AND HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
HcT
|
HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
PT
|
PROTHROMBIN TIME
|
|
|
RBC
|
RED BLOOD CELL
|
|
|
WBC
|
WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT
|
|
|
NATURAL IMMUNITY
|
PROTECTION THA IS INHERITED
|
|
|
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
|
BODY PRODUCED ANTIBODYS AND MOBILIZE LYMPOCYTES TO FIGHT INFECTION
|
|
|
Ab
|
ANTIBODY
|
|
|
CBC
|
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
|
|
|
HgB, HGB
|
HEMOGLOBIN
|
|
|
H &H
|
HEMOBGLOBIN AND HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
HcT
|
HEMATOCRIT
|
|
|
PT
|
PROTHROMBIN TIME
|
|
|
RBC
|
RED BLOOD CELL
|
|
|
WBC
|
WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT
|
|
|
NATURAL IMMUNITY
|
PROTECTION THA IS INHERITED
|
|
|
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
|
BODY PRODUCED ANTIBODYS AND MOBILIZE LYMPOCYTES TO FIGHT INFECTION
|
|
|
adenoids
|
mass of lympatic tissue in the nasopharynx
|
|
|
antibody
|
protein produced by Bcell lympohcytes to destroy antigens
|
|
|
antigen
|
forigen substance in body thta revokes a immune system response
|
|
|
axillary nodes
|
lymph nodes in armpit
|
|
|
cervical nodes
|
lymph nodes in the neck
|
|
|
lymph vessel
|
carrier of lymph throughout the body, they empty lymph into veins in upper vein of the neck
|
|
|
mediastinal nodes
|
lymph nodes int he area between the lungs
|
|
|
spleen
|
organ near stomach that produces , stores and eliminates blood cells
|
|
|
thymus gland
|
organ in the mediastinum that conditions t lymphocytes to react with forigen cells and aids in the immune response
|
|
|
tonsils
|
mass of lymphatic tissue in the back of hte oropharynx
|
|
|
splen/o, lein/o
|
spleen
|
|
|
thym/o
|
thymus gland
|
|
|
tox/o
|
poison
|
|
|
ana-
|
again
|
|
|
inter-
|
between
|
|
|
multiple myeloma
|
malignant tumor of bone marrow cells
|
|
|
allergen
|
substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body
|
|
|
anaphylaxis
|
exaggereated or unusual hypersensativity to a forigen protein of other substance
|
|
|
human imunodeficency virus(HIV)
|
virus that causes aids
|
|
|
opportunistic infectins
|
infectious diseases assoc. wiht AIDS.
|
|
|
VITAMINS
|
DRUGS ISOLATED FROM PLANT OR ANIMAL SOURCES
|
|
|
PHARMACIST
|
PREPARES AND DISPENSES DRUGS
|
|
|
PHARMOCOLOGY
|
the study of the preparation, properties, uses , and actoins of drugs
|
|
|
pharmocologist
|
either and md, pr phd who specalizes in pharmocology
|
|
|
toxicology
|
study of the harmful effects of drugs and chemicals inthe body
|
|
|
sublingual administration
|
under the tounge
|
|
|
rectal admin.
|
inserted n rectum
|
|
|
parenteral admin.
|
injected by a syringe
|
|
|
intercavitary instillation
|
injection made into body cavity
|
|
|
intradermal injection
|
shallow upperlayers of the skin
|
|
|
topical aplicatoin
|
applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body
|
|
|
antipriritics
|
anti itching
|
|
|
transdermal patches
|
used to deliver drugs thru the skin (continuously)
|
|
|
additave action
|
(1+1=2) combo or the drugs equal to the sum
|
|
|
synergysim
|
1+1=5 comboof the drugs is greater that the sium of the two
|
|
|
side effects
|
toxic effects routeinly develop form the drug
|
|
|
contraindications
|
factor in a paitents condition that make the use of a drug ill advised or dangerous
|
|
|
anesthetics
|
agents to reduce or eliminate sensation (general ) all parts of body (local) specific parts
|
|
|
analgesic
|
(drug that lessens the pain
|
|
|
antibiotic
|
chem substance produced by microorganism thta inhibits or kills baceria, fungi and parasites
|
|
|
antihistamines
|
drugs to block the action of histamine
|
|
|
antiosteoporosis drugs
|
treats the osteporosis (abnormal loss of bone density)
|
|
|
cardiovacsular drugs
|
act on the hear or the blood vessels to treat hypertension, angina, myocardial infarction
|
|
|
endocrine drugs
|
act in same manner as the naturally hormones
|
|
|
gastro intestinal drugs
|
used to relieve uncomfortable and potentially dangerous symptoms rather than cures for specific diseases
|
|
|
united states pharmacopeia
|
authoratative list of drugs, formulas, and preparatins tiat sets a standard for drug manufactureres
|
|
|
hypnotic
|
induces sleep or tranc likestate
|
|
|
aer/o, pneum/o
|
air
|
|
|
alges/o
|
sensitivity to pain
|
|
|
bronch/o
|
bronchial tube
|
|
|
esthes/o
|
feeling, sensation
|
|
|
hist/o
|
tissue
|
|
|
narc/o, hypn/o
|
sleep
|
|
|
iatr/o
|
treatment
|
|
|
lingu/o, gloss/o
|
tounge
|
|
|
pyret/o
|
fever
|
|
|
thec/o
|
sheth (of brain or spinal cord)
|
|
|
tox/o
|
poison
|
|
|
toxic/o
|
poison
|
|
|
vas/o, -angi/o
|
vesel
|
|
|
par-
|
other than, apart from
|
|
|
syn-
|
together, with
|
|
|
a.c, ac
|
before meals
|
|
|
ad lib
|
freely, as desired
|
|
|
b.i.d. bid
|
two times a day
|
|
|
h.s., hs
|
at bedtime
|
|
|
IM
|
intra muscular
|
|
|
IV
|
INTRAVENOUS
|
|
|
NPO
|
NOTHING BY MOUTH
|
|
|
P WITH A LINE OVER IT
|
AFTER (POST)
|
|
|
Pt
|
PATIENT
|
|
|
Q
|
EVERY
|
|
|
Q.H. QH
|
ERVERY HOUR
|
|
|
Q2H
|
EVERY TWO HOURS
|
|
|
Q.I.D. QID
|
FOUR TIMES A DAY
|
|
|
SL
|
SUBLINGUAL
|
|
|
S.O.S.
|
IF IT IS NECESSARY
|
|
|
SQ
|
SUBCUTANEOUS
|
|
|
T.I.D., TID
|
THREE TIMES DAILY
|
