Him 361 Chapter 21

Front 1

Physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug.

Back 1

Addiction

Front 2

Drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each.

Back 2

Additive action

Front 3

Particles of drug suspended in air.

Back 3

Aerosol

Front 4

Exaggerated hypersensitivity reaction to a previously encountered drug or foreign protein.

Back 4

Anaphylaxis

Front 5

Combination of two drugs gives less than an additive effect (action).

Back 5

Antagonistic action

Front 6

Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug.

Back 6

Antidote

Front 7

Commercial name for a drug; trademark or trade name.

Back 7

Brand name

Front 8

Chemical formula for a drug.

Back 8

Chemical name

Front 9

Factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment.

Back 9

Contraindications

Front 10

Drugs that produce tolerance and dependence and have potential for abuse or addiction.

Back 10

Controlled substances

Front 11

Physiologic need for a drug due to prolonged use.

Back 11

Dependence

Front 12

Amount of drug-administered, usually measured in milligrams

Back 12

Dose

Front 13

U.S. government agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and clinical use.

Back 13

Food and Drug Administration

Front 14

Legal noncommercial name for a drug.

Back 14

Generic name

Front 15

Condition caused by treatment given by physicians or medical personnel.

Back 15

Iatrogenic

Front 16

Unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive patient but not seen in most people.

Back 16

Idiosyncratic reaction

Front 17

Administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth.

Back 17

Inhalation

Front 18

Drugs are given by mouth.

Back 18

Oral administration

Front 19

Drugs are given by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins (any route other than through the digestive tract). Examples are subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous, intrathecal, and intracavitary injections.

Back 19

Parenteral administration

Front 20

Specialist in preparing and dispensing drugs.

Back 20

Pharmacist

Front 21

Location for preparing and dispensing drugs; also the study of preparing and dispensing drugs.

Back 21

Pharmacy

Front 22

Specialist in the study of the properties, uses, and side effects of drugs.

Back 22

Pharmacologist

Front 23

Study of the preparation, properties, uses, and side effects of drugs.

Back 23

Pharmacology

Front 24

Reference book that lists drug products.

Back 24

Physicians' Desk Reference

Front 25

Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.

Back 25

Receptor

Front 26

Drugs are inserted through the anus into the rectum.

Back 26

Rectal administration

Front 27

Lack of beneficial response; seen when drugs are unable to control the disease process.

Back 27

Resistance

Front 28

Desired and beneficial effect of a drug.

Back 28

Response

Front 29

Exact timing and frequency of drug administration.

Back 29

Schedule

Front 30

Adverse reaction, usually minor, that routinely results from the use of a drug.

Back 30

Side effect

Front 31

Drugs are given by placement under the tongue.

Back 31

Sublingual administration

Front 32

Combination of two drugs causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.

1+1=3

Back 32

Synergism

Front 33

Instrument (tube) for introducing or withdrawing fluids from the body.

Back 33

Syringe

Front 34

Larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect. The patient becomes resistant to the action of a drug as treatment progresses.

Back 34

Tolerance

Front 35

Drugs are applied locally on the skin or mucous membranes of the body; ointments, creams, and lotions are applied topically.

Back 35

Topical application

Front 36

Harmful effects of a drug.

Back 36

Toxicity

Front 37

Study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body.

Back 37

Toxicology

Front 38

Authoritative list of drugs, formulas, and preparations that sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing.

Back 38

United States Pharmacopeia

Front 39

Substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health.

Back 39

Vitamin

Front 40

Relieves pain.

Back 40

Analgesic

Front 41

Reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local.

Back 41

Anesthetic

Front 42

Chemical substance, produced by a plant or microorganism, that has the ability to inhibit or destroy foreign organisms in the body.

Back 42

Antibiotic

Front 43

Prevents blood clotting.

Back 43

Anticoagulant

Front 44

Prevents convulsions (abnormal brain activity).

Back 44

Anticonvulsant

Front 45

Relieves symptoms of depression.

Back 45

Antidepressent

Front 46

Drug given to prevent or treat diabetes mellitus.

Back 46

Antidiabetic

Front 47

Blocks the action of histamine and helps prevent symptoms of allergy.

Back 47

Antihistamine

Front 48

Acts against viruses such as herpesviruses and HIV.

Back 48

Antiviral

Front 49

Kills bacteria.

Back 49

Bactericidal

Front 50

Inhibits bacterial growth.

Back 50

Bacteriostatic

Front 51

Acts on the heart and blood vessels.

Back 51

Cardiovascular drug

Front 52

A hormone or hormone-like drug.

Back 52

Endocrine drug

Front 53

Relieves symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract.

Back 53

Gastrointestinal drug

Front 54

Produces sleep or a trance-like state.

Back 54

Hypnotic

Front 55

Treats asthma, emphysema, and infections of the respiratory system.

Back 55

Respiratory drug

Front 56

A mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep.

Back 56

Sedative

Front 57

Excites and promotes activity.

Back 57

Stimulant

Front 58

Controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior.

Back 58

Tranquilizer

Front 59

aer/o

Back 59

air

Front 60

alges/o

Back 60

sensitivity to pain

Front 61

bronch/o

Back 61

bronchial tube

Front 62

chem/o

Back 62

drug

Front 63

cras/o

Back 63

mixture

Front 64

cutane/o

Back 64

skin

Front 65

derm/o

Back 65

skin

Front 66

erg/o

Back 66

work

Front 67

esthes/o

Back 67

feeling, sensation

Front 68

hist/o

Back 68

tissue

Front 69

hypn/o

Back 69

sleep

Front 70

iatr/o

Back 70

treatment

Front 71

lingu/o

Back 71

tongue

Front 72

myc/o

Back 72

mold, fungus

Front 73

narc/o

Back 73

stupor

Front 74

or/o

Back 74

mouth

Front 75

pharmac/o

Back 75

drug

Front 76

prurit/o

Back 76

itching

Front 77

pyret/o

Back 77

fever

Front 78

thec/o

Back 78

sheath (of brain and spinal cord)

Front 79

tox/o

Back 79

poison

Front 80

toxic/o

Back 80

poison

Front 81

vas/o

Back 81

vessel

Front 82

ven/o

Back 82

vein

Front 83

vit/o

Back 83

life

Front 84

ana-

Back 84

upward, excessive, again

Front 85

anti-

Back 85

against

Front 86

contra-

Back 86

against, opposite

Front 87

par-

Back 87

other than, apart from

Front 88

syn-

Back 88

together, with

Front 89

Abbreviation for:

Before meals

Back 89

a.c., ac

Front 90

Abbreviation for:

freely, as desired

Back 90

ad lib

Front 91

Abbreviation for:

two times a day

Back 91

b.i.d., bid

Front 92

Abbreviation for:

with

Back 92

c with a line on top

Front 93

Abbreviation for:

capsules

Back 93

Caps

Front 94

Abbreviation for:

U.S. food and drug administration

Back 94

FDA

Front 95

Abbreviation for:

gram

Back 95

gm, g

Front 96

Abbreviation for:

drops

Back 96

gtt

Front 97

Abbreviation for:

hour

Back 97

h

Front 98

Abbreviation for:

at bedtime

Back 98

h.s., hs

Front 99

Abbreviation for:

intramuscular

Back 99

IM

Front 100

Abbreviation for:

intravenous

Back 100

IV

Front 101

Abbreviation for:

nothing by mouth

Back 101

NPO

Front 102

Abbreviation for:

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Back 102

NSAID

Front 103

Abbreviation for:

after

Back 103

p with a line over it

Front 104

Abbreviation for:

after meals

Back 104

p.c., pc

Front 105

Abbreviation for:

patient-controlled analgesia

Back 105

PCA

Front 106

Abbreviation for:

physicians' desk reference

Back 106

PDR

Front 107

Abbreviation for:

by mouth

Back 107

PO, p.o., po

Front 108

Abbreviation for:

as needed; as necessary

Back 108

p.r.n., prn

Front 109

Abbreviation for:

patient

Back 109

Pt

Front 110

Abbreviation for:

every

Back 110

q

Front 111

Abbreviation for:

every hour

Back 111

q.h., qh

Front 112

Abbreviation for:

every 2 hours

Back 112

q2h

Front 113

Abbreviation for:

four times a day

Back 113

q.i.d., qid

Front 114

Abbreviation for:

sufficient quantity

Back 114

q.s., qs

Front 115

Abbreviation for:

every morning

Back 115

qAM

Front 116

Abbreviation for:

every evening

Back 116

qPM

Front 117

Abbreviation for:

prescription

Back 117

Rx

Front 118

Abbreviation for:

without

Back 118

s with a line over it

Front 119

Abbreviation for:

directions - how to take medication

Back 119

Sig.

Front 120

Abbreviation for:

sublingual

Back 120

SL

Front 121

Abbreviation for:

if it is necessary

Back 121

s.o.s.

Front 122

Abbreviation for:

subcutaneous

Back 122

subQ

Front 123

Abbreviation for:

tablet

Back 123

tab

Front 124

Abbreviation for:

three times a day

Back 124

t.i.d., tid