Him 361 Chapter 18

Front 1

What endocrine gland has the action of:

Increasing metabolism in body cells and decreasing blood calcium

Back 1

Thyroid

Front 2

What endocrine gland has the action of:

Increasing blood calcium

Back 2

Parathyroids

Front 3

What endocrine gland has the action of:

Increasing blood sugar, increasing reabsorption of sodium, secondary sex characteristics, and sympathomimetic

Back 3

Adrenals (cortex and medulla)

Front 4

What endocrine gland has the action of:

decreasing and increasing blood sugar

Back 4

Pancreas

Front 5

What endocrine gland has the action of:

increases bone and tissue growth, stimulates thyroid gland and thyroxine secretion, stimulates adrenal cortex, oogenesis and spermatogenesis, promotes ovulation, and promotes growth of breast tissue and milk secretion

Back 5

Anterior pituitary lobe

Front 6

What endocrine gland has the action of:

stimulates reaborption of water by kidney tubules and stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor and childbirth

Back 6

Posterior pituitary lobe

Front 7

What endocrine gland has the action of:

promoting development of ova and female secondary sex characteristics, also prepares and maintains the uterus during pregnancy

Back 7

Ovaries

Front 8

What endocrine gland has the action of:

promoting development of sperm and male secondary sex characteristics

Back 8

Testes

Front 9

Outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones.

Back 9

Adrenal cortex

Front 10

Inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Back 10

Adrenal medulla

Front 11

Located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production and estrogen and progesterone secretion.

Back 11

Ovaries

Front 12

Located behind the stomach. Islet cells secrete hormones from this gland. They secrete enzymes via a duct into the small intestine to aid digestion.

Back 12

Pancreas

Front 13

Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland. Some people may have three to five of these glands.

Back 13

Parathyroid glands

Front 14

Located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica; composed of an anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (neurohypophysis).

Back 14

Pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Front 15

Two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion.

Back 15

Testes

Front 16

Located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes T3, T4, and calcitonin.

Back 16

Thyroid gland

Front 17

Substance, secreted by an endocrine gland, that travels through the blood to a distant organ or gland where it influences the structure or function of that organ or gland.

Back 17

Hormone

Front 18

aden/o

Back 18

gland

Front 19

adrenal/o

Back 19

adrenal gland

Front 20

gonad/o

Back 20

sex glands (ovaries and testes)

Front 21

pancreat/o

Back 21

pancreas

Front 22

parathyroid/o

Back 22

parathyroid gland

Front 23

pituitar/o

Back 23

pituitary gland; hypophysis

Front 24

thyr/o or thyroid/o

Back 24

thyroid gland

Front 25

andr/o

Back 25

male

Front 26

calc/o or calci/o

Back 26

calcium

Front 27

cortic/o

Back 27

cortex, outer region

Front 28

crin/o

Back 28

secrete

Front 29

dips/o

Back 29

thirst

Front 30

estr/o

Back 30

female

Front 31

gluc/o

Back 31

sugar

Front 32

glyc/o

Back 32

sugar

Front 33

home/o

Back 33

sameness

Front 34

hormon/o

Back 34

hormone

Front 35

kal/i

Back 35

potassium

Front 36

lact/o

Back 36

milk

Front 37

myx/o

Back 37

mucus

Front 38

natr/o

Back 38

sodium

Front 39

phys/o

Back 39

growing

Front 40

somat/o

Back 40

body

Front 41

ster/o

Back 41

solid structure

Front 42

toc/o

Back 42

childbirth

Front 43

toxic/o

Back 43

poison

Front 44

ur/o

Back 44

urine

Front 45

-agon

Back 45

assemble, gather together

Front 46

-emia

Back 46

blood condition

Front 47

-in or -ine

Back 47

substance

Front 48

-tropin

Back 48

stimulating the function of (to turn or act on)

Front 49

-uria

Back 49

urine condition

Front 50

eu-

Back 50

good, normal

Front 51

hyper-

Back 51

excessive, above

Front 52

hypo-

Back 52

deficient, below, under, less than normal

Front 53

oxy-

Back 53

rapid, sharp, acid

Front 54

pan-

Back 54

all

Front 55

poly-

Back 55

many or increased

Front 56

tetra-

Back 56

four

Front 57

tri-

Back 57

three

Front 58

Enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Back 58

Goiter

Front 59

Overactivity of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis.

Back 59

Hyperthyroidism

Front 60

The most common form of hyperthyroidism is:

Back 60

Graves disease

Front 61

Protrusion of the eyeballs:

Back 61

Exophthalmos

Front 62

Underactivity of the thyroid gland.

Back 62

Hypothyroidism

Front 63

______ is advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood.

Back 63

Myxedema

Front 64

______ is extreme hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood, which leads to a lack of normal physical and mental growth.

Back 64

Cretinism

Front 65

Cancer of the thyroid gland.

Back 65

Thyroid carcinoma

Front 66

Excessive production of parathormone.

Back 66

Hyperparathyroidism

Front 67

Deficient production of parathyroid hormone.

Back 67

Hypoparathyroidism

Front 68

Excessive secretion of adrenal androgens.

Back 68

Adrenal virilism

Front 69

Excessive hair on the face and body:

Back 69

Hirsutism

Front 70

Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex.

Back 70

Cushing syndrome

Front 71

Hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex.

Back 71

Addison disease

Front 72

Benign tumor of the adrenal medulla; tumor cells stain a dark or dusky color.

Back 72

Pheochromocytoma

Front 73

Excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia.

Back 73

Hyperinsulinism

Front 74

Lack of insulin or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells.

Back 74

Diabetes mellitus (DM)

Front 75

Type _____ diabetes is an autoimmune disease and is usually seen in children. This is also called insulin-dependent or juvinile diabetes.

Back 75

Type 1

Front 76

Type _____ diabetes is a type of diabetes in which patients are usually older, and usually there is a family history of this type. This is also called non-insulin-dependent or age-onset diabetes.

Back 76

Type 2

Front 77

Diabetic retinopathy (eye), diabetic nephropathy (kidneys), and diabetic neuropathy are examples of:

Back 77

Secondary diabetic complications

Front 78

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary AFTER PUBERTY, leading to enlargement of extremities.

Back 78

Acromegaly

Front 79

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary BEFORE PUBERTY, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues.

Back 79

Gigantism

Front 80

Congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone; hypopituitary dwarfism

Back 80

Dwarfism

Front 81

Deficiency of all pituitary hormones.

Back 81

Panhypopituitarism

Front 82

Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone.

Back 82

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

Front 83

Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin).

Back 83

Diabetes insipidus (DI)

Front 84

Also known as fasting blood sugar test. Measures circulating glucose level in a patient who has fasted at least 8 hours.

Back 84

Fasting plasma glucose

Front 85

X-ray imaging of endocrine glands in cross section and other views, to assess size and infiltration by tumor.

Back 85

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Front 86

Magnetic waves produced images of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to located abnormalities.

Back 86

Magnetic resonance imagine (MRI)

Front 87

Abbreviation for:

calcium - an important electrolyte

Back 87

Ca++

Front 88

Abbreviation for:

diabetes insipidus

Back 88

DI

Front 89

Abbreviation for:

diabetic ketoacidosis

Back 89

DKA

Front 90

Abbreviation for:

diabetes mellitus

Back 90

DM

Front 91

Abbreviation for:

fasting blood glucose

Back 91

FBG

Front 92

Abbreviation for:

fasting blood sugar

Back 92

FBS

Front 93

Abbreviation for:

glucose tolerance test - measures ability to respond to a glucose load; a test for diabetes

Back 93

GTT

Front 94

Abbreviation for:

sodium - an important electrolyte

Back 94

Na+

Front 95

Abbreviation for:

syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

Back 95

SIADH