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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Infections that cause heart block |
Legionella Lyme disease Chagas‘ disease Diphtheria Typhoid fever |
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Effects of IL-1 |
Fever Non-specific symptoms Recruits T-helper cells |
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Most immunogenic bacteria |
Shigella (Only 8 to 10 bacteria required for a full infection) |
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DiGeorge Syndrome |
3rd Pharyngeal pouch missing Chromosome 22 problem Inferior parathyroid glands missing The only immunodeficiency with hypocalcaemia |
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Anti-inflammatory Action of steroids |
Kills T-cells and eosinophils Inhibits macrophage migration Stabilises mast cell membranes Stabilises endothelium Inhibits phospholipase A |
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Physiologic Action of steroids |
Proteolysis Gluconeogenesis Up-regulates all receptors during stress |
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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency |
Adenosine deaminase deficiency DNA Synthesis disrupted Affects B and T- cells BM transplant is standard of care |
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Wiskott-Aldridge Syndrome |
X-linked recessive Involved T-cell interaction with B-cells Fair-skinned Eczema Thrombocytopenia Normal IgA and IgE levels Increased incidence of lymphoma |
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Bruton‘s Agammaglobulinaemia |
X-linked recessive Cell signaling is defective B-cell count is normal but function is lacking Early onset |
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Gram -ve encapsulated organisms |
Salmonella Klebsiella H. Influenza B Pseudomonas Neisseria Citrobacter
(Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules) |
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Gram + encapsulated organism |
Streptococcus pneumoniae |
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Job‘s syndrome |
Cell signaling defect Increased IgE Fair-skinned Red-haired female |
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Myeloperoxidase deficiency |
Recurrent gram +ve infections |
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Chronic granulomatous disease |
X-linked recessive NADPH-oxidase deficiency Negative NBT(nitrozene Blue Tetrazolium) test (detects NADPH oxidase) |
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X-linked recessive enzymes |
HGPRT G6PD NADPH oxidase Alpha galactosidase Fabry‘s |
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Chediak-Higashi Syndrome |
Lysosomes are slow in fusing with ingested pathogens Lysosomal inclusions Albinism |
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Perinaud‘s Syndrome |
Supranuclear paralysis of eye elevation Defect in convergence Retraction nystagmus Light-near dissociation Lid retraction Skew deviation of the eyes Lesion located in the dorsal midbrain Classically seen with pineal tumours compressing the quadrigeminal plate Can occur from midbrain infarcts |
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Strongest risk factors for osteoporotic fractures? |
Increasing age History of previous fracture Low BMD on DEXA Scan |
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Trastuzumab (Herceptin) |
Acts on HER2/neu receptor Blocks signal transduction Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity Adverse effects: cardiotoxicity (esp when anthracyclines have also been Used), Flu-like symptoms |
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Bevacizumab |
Monoclonal antibody that inhibits VEGFR |
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Bevacizumab |
Monoclonal antibody that inhibits VEGFR |
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Cetuximab |
Monoclonal antibody that blocks HER1 a.k.a EGFR Mutations in EGFR are associated with colorectal and squamous cell cancers |
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Bevacizumab |
Monoclonal antibody that inhibits VEGFR |
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Cetuximab |
Monoclonal antibody that blocks HER1 a.k.a EGFR Mutations in EGFR are associated with colorectal and squamous cell cancers |
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FoxP3 |
Marker for regulatory T-cells |
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Craniopharyngioma |
Embryonic remnants of Rathke‘s pouch Supra or intrasellar Cystic- Lipid rich fluid Calcification Intracranial tumours (1% adults, 10% children) Peak incidence first decade |
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Causes of pulsus paradoxus |
Pericardial tamponade Acute asthma Massive pulmonary embolism Constrictive pericarditis Hypovolaemia (esp during positive pressure ventilation) |
