Hh60-H Eaws Common Core(First Aid)

Front 1

What are the three objectives of First Aid

Back 1

prevent, further injury, infection, and loss of life

Front 2

what are the four methods to control bleeding

Back 2

direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, tourniquet

Front 3

What is a pressure point?

Back 3

a point on the body where a amain artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone

Front 4

what are the 11 principal pressure points on each side of the body?

Back 4

Superficial temporal artery (temple)
facial artery (jaw)
common carotid artery (neck)
subclavian artery (collar bone)
brachial artery (inner upper arm/ inner elbow)
radial/ulnar arter (wrist)
femoral artery (upper thigh)
iliac artery (groin)
popliteal artery (knee)
anterior/posterior tibial artery (ankle)

Front 5

Three classifications of burns?

Back 5

1st
2nd
3rd

Front 6

What are the symptoms of each burn?

Back 6

1st: produces redness, warmth and mild pain
2nd: causes red, blisterd skin and severe pain
3rd: destroys tisue, skin and bone in severe cases, however severe pain may be absent due to nerve endings beinng destroyed

Front 7

Two types of fractures

Back 7

"closed/simple"
"open/compound"

Front 8

What is "closed/simple" and "open/compound"

Back 8

"closed/simple" is broken bone without a break in the skin

"open/compound" is broken bone with a break in the skin

Front 9

Indications of an obstructed airway?

Back 9

inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerrated breathing efforts, and skin turning a bluish color

Front 10

What are the types of heat related injuries?

Back 10

Heat exhaustion

Heat Stroke

Front 11

What are the symptoms of each heat related injury?

Back 11

Heat exhaustion: disturbance of blood flow to the brain, heart and lungs. skinn is cool, moist, and clammy and pupils are dilated(sweating profusely)

heat stroke: breakdown of the sweating mechanism, body cannot eliminate excessive body heat. hot and/or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation and a weak rapid pulse

Front 12

What are the cold weather injuries

Back 12

Hypothermia

Superficial Frostbite

Deep Frostbite

Front 13

Symptoms of hypothermia

Back 13

Hypothermia: general cooling of the body, victim may appear pale and unconscious, and may even be taken for dead. breathing is shallow and slow, pulse faint or even untectable. everything seems stiff

Front 14

symptoms of superficial frostbite

Back 14

ice crystals forming in the upper skin layers

Front 15

symptomes of deep frostbite

Back 15

ice crystals forming in the deeper tissues

Front 16

What is shock?

Back 16

insufficient blood flow as a result of a severe injury or illness

Front 17

types of shock?

Back 17

septic shock

anaphylactic shock

cardiogenic shock

hypovolemic shock

neurogenic shock

Front 18

what is septic shock?

Back 18

results from bacteria multiplying in the blood and eleasing toxins

caused by pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections(ruptured appendix) and meningitis

Front 19

what is anaphylactic shock?

Back 19

allergic reaction

causes: insect stings, medicines or foods(nuts, berries, etc)

Front 20

what is cardiogenic shock?

Back 20

heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body

causes: heart attack or congestive heart failure

Front 21

what is hypovolemic shock?

Back 21

severe blood and fluid loss

causes: traumatic bodily injury

Front 22

what is neurogenic shock?

Back 22

spinal cord injury

causes: traumatic accident or injury