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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
INTRACELLULAR FLUID IS
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45% BODY WEIGHT
75% BODY WATER |
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EXTRACELLULAR FLUID IS
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15% BODY WEIGHT
25% BODY WATER |
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PATHOLOGY
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STUDY OF DISEASE AND ITS CAUSES
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
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STUDY OF HOW DISEASES ALTER NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY
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ATROPHY
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THE PROCESS OF DECRAESING SIZE AND INCREASING EFFECIENCY
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HYPERTROPHY
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INCREASE IN THE SIZE OF THE CELL AND ITS FUNCTIONAL MASS INCLUDING AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF ORGANELLES
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HYPERPLASIA
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AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CELLS DUE TO AN INCREASE IN WORKLOAD
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METAPLASIA
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REPLACEMENT OF ONE TYPE OF CELL BY ANOTHER TYPE OF CELL THAT IS NOT NORMAL FOR THAT ISSUE
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INTRAVASCULAR FLUID IS
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4.5% BODY WEIGHT
7.5% BODY WATER |
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DYSPLASIA
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CHANGE IN A CELLS SIZE, SHAPE OR APPEARANCE CAUSED BY AN EXTERNAL STRESSOR
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WHAT % OF BODY WEIGHT IS WATER
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60%
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INTERSTITIAL
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10.5% BODY WEIGHT
17.5% BODY WATER |
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HYPOXIA
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OXYGEN DEFICIENCY
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ISCHEMIA
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BLOCKAGE OR REDUCTION OF DELIVERY OF OXYGENATED BLOOD TO THE CELLS
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ANABOLISM
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CONSTRUCTIVE PHASE OF METABOLISM
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CATABOLISM
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DESTRUCTIVE PHASE OF METABOLISM
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WHAT ARE THE FORMED ELEMENTS OF BLOOD
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ERYTHROCYTES-REDBLOOD CELLS
LEUKOCYTES-WHITE BLOOD CELLS THROMBOCYTES-PLATELETS |
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COLLOIDS
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SUBSTANCES SUCH AS PROTIENS OR STARCHES CONSISTING OF LARGE MOLECULES OR MOLECULE AGGREGATES THAT DISPERSE EVENLY WITHIN A LIQUID WITHOUT FORMING A TRUE SULUTION
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ALBUMIN
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A PROTEIN IN THE BLOOD THAT WORKS TO MAINTAIN BLOOD VOLUME AND PRESSURE WHICH PREVENTS PLASMA LOSS FROM THE CAPILLARIES
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CRYSTALLOIDS
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SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF CRYSTALLIZATION. IN SOLUTION, UNLIKE COLLOIDS, THEY CAN DIFFUSE THROUGH A MEMBRANE, SUCH AS A CAPILLARY WALL
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SODIUM
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MOST ABUNDANT EXTRACELLULAR CATION
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TONICITY
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SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONOR OSMOTIC PRESSURE RELATIVE TO THE BLOOD PLASMA OR BODY CELLS
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RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
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ACIDITY CAUSED BY ABNORMAL RETENTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE RESULTING FROM IMPAIRED VILATION
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RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS
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ALKALINITY CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE ELIMINATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE RESULTING FROM INCREASED RESPIRATIONS
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POTASSIUM
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MOST ABUNDANT INTERCELLULAR CATION
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WHAT ARE THE MECHANISMS THAT MAINTAIN HYDRATION
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PITUATORY GLAND, SALIVARY FLOW, KIDNEYS, SHIFTS BETWEEN SPACES, INCREASE THIRST
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METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
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ACIDITY CAUSED BY AN INCREASED IN ACID OFTEN BECAUSE OF INCREASED PRODUCTION OF ACIDS DURRING METABOLISM OR FROM CAUSES SUCH AS VOMITING , DIARREAH, DIABETES, OR MEDACATION
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WHAT ARE THE S/S OF DEHYDRATION
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DECREASED SKIN TURGOR
INCREASED THIRST INCREASED PULSE DECREASED PULSE DRY SKIN AND MEMBRANES |
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CALCIUM
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EXTRACELLULAR CATION, BLOOD COAGULATION, MUSCLE CONTRACTION, NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION-DEPOLARIZATION
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METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
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ALKALINITY CAUSED BY AN INCREASE IN PLASMA BICARBONATE RESULTING FROM CAUSES INCLUDING DIURESIS, VOMITING, OR INJESTION OF TOO MUCH SODIUM BICARBONATE
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CHLORIDE
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EXTRACELLULAR, FOLLOWS SODIUM, ROLE ON KIDNEY FUNCTION
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NORMAL pH
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7.35 - 7.45
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BICARBONATE
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EXTRACELLULAR, WEAK BASE, BUFFER, 20 BICARBONATE IONS TO EVRY 1 CARBONIC ACID
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NORMAL PaO2
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80 - 100 TORR
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NORMAL HCO3
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22 +/- 4 mEq
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PHOSPHATE
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INTRACELLULAR, STRUCTURAL COMPONENT OF BONE/TEETH, ROLE IN RENAL FUNCTION
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NORMAL SaO2
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97 - 100 TORR
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ISOTONIC SOLUTION
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TONICITY SIMILAR TO BLOOD, NO FLUID OR ELECTROLYTE SHIFT, LACTATED RINGERS, NORMAL SALINE
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HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
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SOLUTE TONICITY HIGHER THAN CELLS, FLUID IN/SOLUTES OUT, D50W, HCO3(BICARB), MANITOL
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HYPERTINIC SOLUTION
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SOLUTE TONICITY LOWER THAN CELLS, FLUID IN/SOLUTES OUT, D5W
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EDEMA
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ACCUMULATION OF WATER IN THE INTERSTITIAL SPACE, DECREASED IN PLASMA ONCOTIC FORCE, INCREASE IN HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, INCREASED CAPILLARY PERMIABILITY, LYMPHATIC CHANEL
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