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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Equation for Mental Health
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Stress + Exploitation + Organic factors
________________________ Self-esteem + social support + coping |
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Factors that contribute to poor mental heal if our of balance
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stress, exploitation, and organic factors
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factors that enhance mental health if the individual posesses/uses them
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self-esteem, social support, and coping
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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-Alarm-recognize stressor(s)
-Resistance-Choice of fight or flight -Exhaustion-can lead to malfunction and possible disease if stress management skills are not used |
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Exploitation
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Product of interaction of different stressors, particularly those that are out of control
-Includes stressors such as change, overload, frustration, and multiple role stress |
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Exploitation involving change
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need to adapt-marraige, kids, unplanned change-death
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Exploitation involving overload
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too much to do and not enough time to do it
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Exploitation involving frustration
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multiple role stress
frustration-discrimination |
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Estimated fraction of Americans that will suffer from a mental health issue
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1/3-as prevalent as or more prevalent than cancer
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question of nature vs.
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nurture
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4 major types of mental disorters/illness
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-substance abuse-alcohol & other drugs
-anxiety disorders-phobias & bi-polar -severe cognitive disorders-eating disorders,schizophrenia, etc. -affective disorders-depression & seasonal affect disorder *concerns over the links to suicide |
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self esteem related to...
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personality characteristics, self worth, self-efficacy and spiritual values
-often defines how a person will describe a particular challenge or situation |
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connections to social support
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family, friends, co-workers & greater community and society
*some spend more time with co-workers than with family |
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likely to live longer if:
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married, attend worship services
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4 major social public health issues in US
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divorce, homicide, rape & family violence
1/2 marraiges still end in divorce |
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reason for 1/2 of all rapes
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assailants and "date rapes"
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most rapes for pre-meditated and
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not spontaneous
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fraction of rape assailants that go to trial
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1/2
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fraction of children that will be abused
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14/100
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fraction of children that will abuse their parents
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4/100
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fraction of stouses that are abused
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6/100
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stress management practices
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-mind/body- deep breathing, progressive relaxation, visualization, biofeedback, yoga
-spiritual-meditation, prayer, worship -cognitive strategies such as self-talk and developing -cognitive strategies such as self-talk and developing communication skills -exercise, music and play |
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HPRE for social health
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-recognize warnings
-provide social services even in the workplace -provide activities for young people -communication skills -gun control |
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5 major injuries
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-motor vehicle
-falls -burning -poisoning -athletic injuries |
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percentage of vehicle injuries related to alcohol
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50%
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primary groups in vehicle accidents
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young male and elderly
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Decades with highest tobacco
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1940s/50s
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avg age of 1st cigarette
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12
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percentage tried tobacco by 12th grade and percentage that become regular smokers
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75% tried
30% regular smokers |
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percentage of smokers who began habit before age 21
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95%
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percent of persons under age 21 who are using smokeless tobacco
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10%
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fraction of people in developing nations who will die from smoking over the next 30 years
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1/5
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fraction successful with cold turkey tobacco cessation
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1/10
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percent sucessful with gradual quit plan
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~30%
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most widely abused drug in our society
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alcohol
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2nd leading cause of preventable death
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alcohol
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percent of all accidental deaths related to alcohol
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50%
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fraction of adolscents who have tried alcohol by 12th grade
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3/4
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avg. age of 1st drink
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13
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Percent of college students who drink once per week
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75%
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percent of college students who drink at least twice per week to get drunk
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40%
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Percent of US who is "Alcoholic"
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10%
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percent of 12th graders who have tried marijuana
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42%
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avg. age of 1st marijuana trial
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42%
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percent of 12th graders who have tried cocaine
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8%
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avg. age of 1st cocaine trial
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15
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percent of teen who have had sexual intercourse by 12th grade
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2/3
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fraction of teens who will get pregnant
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64/1000
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Percent of teen pregnancies who didn't want baby
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84%
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fraction of teen pregnancies who abort
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1/2
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fraction of american who will have an STD
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1/5
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fraction of STD cases that occur in college age
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3/4
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It's not who you are, but_____
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what you do!
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STD transmission
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vaginal intercourse
anal intercourse oral sexual conduct mother to baby misc-needles, towels, sheets |
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chlamydia
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-white sticky discharge
-burning urination -Pelvic Inflamatory Disease -Testicular infections -Tubulor ectopic pregnancy-can cause sterility |
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Gonorrhea
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-yellow discharge
-burning urination -PID -testicular infections -mom to baby STD-results in blindness |
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persent who won't have 1st symptoms of chlamydia or gonorrhea
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50%
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primary syphilis
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primary-chancre develops on genital-whit oval shaped growth-could have multiple-not painful
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secondary syphilis
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rash & flu-like symptoms
can go away w? at home flue treatment |
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tertiary syphilis
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streads through body-can cause organ damage--palm & bottoms of geet can look bruised
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bacterial STDs
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chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis
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genital warts
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HPV & cervical cancer
-warts can be treated -virus will stay patent in body -warts show up during periods of stress and strain |
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Hepatitus A
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not an STD
-transmitted with food/water/ets. -jaundice -blood transfusion and meds can treat |
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Hepatitis B
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-transmitted by sexual fluids
-same Hep A symptoms -can hide and harbor self from body |
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Type I Herpes
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cold sores-not necessarily an STD
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Type II herpes
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-genital sores
-show up where contracted-can be on mouth -can be passed without sores present -Mom to baby STD |
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Viral STDs
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genital warts, Hepatitis B, Herpes
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candidiasis
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-fungus
-thick cheesy discharge from genitals -treaded with medication |
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trichomaniasis
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-protozoa
-green,fowl smelling discharge -treated with medication |
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pubic lice
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-can live on dirty bed linnens
-pain, irritation |
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scabies
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-mites
-more active at night |
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fraction of HIV cases that are heterosexual
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3/4
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HIV timeline
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1. Exposure
2. Test Positive for HIV antibodies-can take 3-6 months for presence 3. Latency stage (2-10 years) 4. AIDS- T cell count and opportunistic disease- PCP, Karposis Sarcoma, TB, dementia, etc. |
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5 basic teen pregnancy myths
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1. A recent epidemic
2. teens want to get pregnant 3. result of passionate-most occur in first 2-5 dates 4. good girls don't get pregnant 5. occurs in back seat of a car |
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ectopic pregnancy
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when egg and sperm unite in fallopian tube--often due to an STD--abdominal pain often mistaken for digestive pain
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norplant
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steel rod inserted in woman's arm--contains contraceptice--releases medicine over time--powerful hormonal impact
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depo-provera
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-shots given to prevent fertilization--unusable egg
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IUDs-the coppet "T"
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-intra uterine device-prevents egg from implanting--precents sperm from uniting w/ egg
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Battier methods
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-condoms, diaphrams, & cervical caps- often used with spermicide
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Th morning after pill
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RU 486-not intended to be a regular form of contraception
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groups more suceptible to LBW babies
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-teen and women 35+ yrs.
-lower SES- don't tend to get medical & ob/gyn care -women with low pregnancy weight gain -women w/ drug abuse |
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targets of hormonal contraception
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1st-prevents ovulation-oral contraceptions
2nd-prevents fertilization-norplant and depo provera-change lining of uterus-prevents egg from planting itself on wall of uterus |
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nortplant
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steel rod inserted in woman's arm--contains contraceptive--releases medicine over time--powerful hormonal impact
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depo-provera
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shots given to prevent fertilization-unusable egg
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IUDs
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The copper "t"
Intra Uterine Device-prevents sperm from uniting w/ egg |
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Barrier methods of birth control
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condoms, diaphrams, and cervical caps-often used with spermicide
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The morning after pill
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RU-486
-not intended to be a regular form of contraception |
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critical period for pregnancy
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1st 3 months
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important vitamin for pregnant women
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folate
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fraction of babies that do not receive any prenatal care
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1/4
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reasons for no prenatal care
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not aware of pregnancy, lack of transportation, lack of child care, fear of doctor
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dollars saved for every dollar spent on neonatal costs
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$3
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time period for infant mortality
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birth to age 1
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WIC
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Women, Infants, Children
-unemployed pregnant mother can receive care and food for herself and her child |
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commonly question immunizations
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DPT and polio
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herd immunity
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immunizing majority of children can prevent disease from spreading among unimmunized children
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