Hertswood Academy Gcse Chemistry C1 3 Extracting Metals

Front 1

1. Where will you find the transition metals on the periodic table?

Back 1

• In the central block of the periodic table

Front 2

2. List 5 properties of metals.

Back 2

• Conduct Heat

• Conduct Electricity

• Most are solids at room temperature

• Can be bent into shape-malleable

• Can be pulled into wires-ductile

Front 3

3. Where do we get the metals that we use?

Back 3

• The Earth’s crust

Front 4

4. How do we get the metals?

Back 4

• Mining or quarrying

Front 5

5. What is an environmental impact of quarrying?

Back 5

• Damage to the habitats of animals

• Production of pollutant gases by plant traffic.

Front 6

6. What is an economic impact of quarrying?

Back 6

• Provides jobs for the local community

Front 7

7. What is a social impact of quarrying?

Back 7

• Jobs

Front 8

8. How is the metal usually found in the earth’s crust?

Back 8

• In the form of an ORE

Front 9

9. What is an ORE?

Back 9

• A rock that contains enough metal to make it worth extracting.

Front 10

10. The method of extracting the metal depends on what?

Back 10

• The reactivity of the metal.

Front 11

11. Name 3 metals that are found in the earth’s crust as the metal themselves (in their native state).

Back 11

• Gold

• Silver

• Platinum

Front 12

12. How do we extract metals from their ores that are less reactive than carbon?

Back 12

• Heat them with carbon.

Front 13

13. How are metals that are more reactive than carbon extracted?

Back 13

• Electrolysis

Front 14

14. How are metals extracted using electrolysis?

Back 14

• Passing an electric current through the molten ORE

Front 15

15. What metals are extracted by electrolysis?

Back 15

• Aluminium and Titanium

Front 16

16. Why is this process expensive?

Back 16

• Many steps in the process

• Lots of energy used

Front 17

17. What are the key properties of aluminium and titanium that make them useful for aircraft?

Back 17

• Both have low density (light)

• Both have very high melting points.

Front 18

18. What is copper used for?

Back 18

• Used in water pipes

• Construction

• Electrical cables

Front 19

19. Name three ways in which copper is extracted?

Back 19

• Heating the ore in a furnace (smelting) then purification by electrolysis

• Phytomining

• Bioleaching

Front 20

20. What are the steps involved in phytomining?

Back 20

• Grow plants on areas of low grade ore

• Plants absorb the copper ions

• Burn the plants

• React the ash with Sulphuric aopper via electrolysis or displacement using scrap iron

Front 21

21. What is Bioleaching?

Back 21

• Bacteria absorb copper compounds and form solutions called leachate

Front 22

22. Why are we now extracting copper from low grade ores?

Back 22

• Copper is in high demand

• We are running out of higher grade ores

• The new techniques have been developed

Front 23

23. Why is iron be used to displace copper from solutions containing copper?

Back 23

• It is more reactive

Front 24

24. Why are pure metals soft?

Back 24

• It contains atoms that are all of the same size

• They can easily slide over one another.

Front 25

25. What is an alloy?

Back 25

• A mixture of a metal with other elements

Front 26

26. What is the benefit of an alloy?

Back 26

• Stronger

• Resistant to corrosion

Front 27

27. What are the names of the alloys of Iron?

Back 27

• Low carbon steel – easily shaped

• High carbon steel – hard

• Stainless steel – resistant to corrosion

Front 28

28. Why does iron from the blast furnace have limited uses?

Back 28

• It contains about 96% iron and is brittle

Front 29

29. Why is it a good idea to recycle metals?

Back 29

• Conserves limited resources

• Uses less energy