Heredity

Front 1

blending theory of inheritance

Back 1

hypothetical inheritance pattern in which parental traits are blended together in the offspring to produce an intermediate physical appearance

Front 2

codominance

Back 2

in a heterozygote, complete and simultaneous expression of both alleles for the samecharacteristic

Front 3

sum rule

Back 3

probability of the occurrence of at least one of two mutually exclusive events is the sum of their individual probabilities

Front 4

test cross

Back 4

cross between a dominant expressing individual with an unknown genotype and ahomozygous recessive individual; the offspring phenotypes indicate whether the unknownparent is heterozygous or homozygous for the dominant trait

Front 5

product rule

Back 5

probability of two independent events occurring simultaneously can be calculated bymultiplying the individual probabilities of each event occurring alone

Front 6

incomplete dominance

Back 6

in a heterozygote, expression of two contrasting alleles such that theindividual displays an intermediate phenotype

Front 7

law of dominance

Back 7

in a heterozygote, one trait will conceal the presence of another trait for thesame characteristic

Front 8

law of independent assortment

Back 8

genes do not influence each other with regard to sorting ofalleles into gametes; every possible combination of alleles is equally likely to occur

Front 9

law of segregation

Back 9

paired unit factors (i.e., genes) segregate equally into gametes such thatoffspring have an equal likelihood of inheriting any combination of factors