Herbology Flash Cards (Test 1)

Front 1

Define herbs, spices, and medicinal plants.

Back 1

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Front 2

How do herbs and spices differ from one another? To a botanist, what does the term "herb" mean?

Back 2

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Front 3

Name 5 tropical spices that were important in the early trade between Europe and the Far East. Explain from what part of the plant is obtained.

Back 3

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Front 4

Describe how black pepper, green pepper, and white pepper are obtained from the same plant. Name one Old World spice plant and one New World spice plant that grow as vines.

Back 4

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Front 5

Name 2 important anti-cancer drugs that we discussed in class that were discovered through random screening. What plants produce them?

Back 5

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Front 6

What regions of the world are these plants native to? Which one shares habitat with the endangered Spotted Owl? How do the drugs derived from these plants interfere with cell division?

Back 6

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Front 7

Opium poppies, coca willows, foxglove, and Indian Snakeroot are all plants that have provided modern pharmaceutical medicines. For each of these species name: the active compound(s) or drug(s) obtained from the plant; and the therapeutic effect of the medicine obtained from each species.

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Front 8

Name 3 tropane alkaloids and threee plants that contain them. what feature of the tropane alkaloids makes it easy to apply them through the surface of the skin? What plant family are they found in?

Back 8

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Front 9

Name 3 herbs or spices that the Egyptians used in the preparation of mummies.

Back 9

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Front 10

How is frankincense harvested? What beast of burden do frankincense collectors use when they travel to and from their collecting sites? what effect did the Crusades have on the flow of Old World spices to Europe?

Back 10

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Front 11

What are the three major areas of origin of herbs, spices, and medicinal plants? Name three examples of commercially important plants from each of these areas.

Back 11

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Front 12

What characteristics of Old World spices (physical, chemical, etc) made them particularly well suited to long distance trade between Europe and the Far East in ancient times?

Back 12

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Front 13

In the 21st century, spices are still important in commerce but they have declined considerably in value. Discuss 3 reasons why spices are relatively less expensive today than they were in ancient times.

Back 13

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Front 14

Which Old World spice is "coppiced" to produce numerous long straight shoots?

Back 14

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Front 15

Which Old World spice plant produces two different spices from the same fruit?

Back 15

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Front 16

Which Old World spice is an important ingredient in cigarettes marketed in Indonesia?

Back 16

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Front 17

What is the difference between true cinnamon and cassia?

Back 17

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Front 18

What member of the ginger family is often responsible for the yellow color of curry powder?

Back 18

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Front 19

What part of cardamom is used as a spice?

Back 19

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Front 20

Which of the three New World spices did Columbus take back to Europe?

Back 20

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