Herbal Medicine And Herbal Teas

Front 1

What are herbs?

Back 1

1. A seed-producing annual, biennial, or perennial that does notdevelop persistent woody tissue but dies down at the end of a growingseason

2: A plant or plant part valued for its medicinal, savoury, or aromaticqualities

3. high in phytochemical

Front 2

How can herbs have negative interactions with pharmaceutical drugs?

Back 2

Additive effect: If a herb has the same effect as a drug this can lead to adangerously strong effect i.e. taking a herbal blood thinner (ginkgo) at thesame time as warfarin.

Antagonistic effect: Some herbs negate the effect of drugs,

i.e. St Johnswort speeds up drug clearance pathways in the liver (cytochrome P450).This can be dangerous if patients are taking life maintaining medications.

Front 3

What is the drug clearance pathway in the liver?

Back 3

(cytochrome P450)

Front 4

Which tea is good for morning sickness?

Back 4

ginger

peppermint

Front 5

which tea encourages breast milk production

Back 5

fennel

Front 6

Name some of the Chemical compounds found in plants

Back 6

Alkaloids

Anthraquinone's

Coumarins

Flavonoids

Mucilages

Tannins

Front 7

What are bitter tasting herbs good for?

e.g. dandelion, gentian)

Back 7

stimulate production ofdigestive juices and release of bile from the liver

strengthens digestive power,helps detoxification and is mildly laxative.

Front 8

Aromatic (peppermint, cinnamon) contain volatile oils which relax the smooth andsphincter muscles in the digestive system.

How does this help the GIT?

Back 8

This reduces gas, boating and musclespasms in the GIT.

Front 9

Sweet (liquorice, ginseng) contain ‘triterpenoid saponins’ have what effect?

Back 9

have a ‘tonic’ andstrengthening effect, helping improve energy and stamina.

Front 10

Astringent (agrimony, green tea) contain tannins which cause a dry sensation in themouth and dry out mucous membranes in the digestive system.

How are these helpful?

Back 10

Helps to reduce diarrhoea and used externally in first aid to stop bleeding and speed healing (witchazel)

Front 11

Mucilaginous (slippery elm, aloe vera) contain ‘mucilage’ which has a ‘slippery’ texture. How is this helpful?

Back 11

coats, protects and heals inflamed tissues. Helps to heal gastric ulcers and externallyfor burns

Front 12

Analgesic -

Antimicrobial-

Anticatarrhal –

Antiemetic -

Antifungal -

Anti-inflammatory -

Antipyretic -

Antispasmodic –

Antitussive -

Astringent –

Bitter -

Back 12

relieve pain (willow bark)

destroy or stop growth of bacteria and microbes (tea tree oil)

dry out upper respiratory tract catarrh (elderflower)

stops vomiting (ginger)

destroys or inhibits the growth of fungus (oregano oil)

controls inflammation (chamomile)

reduces fever (willow)

relaxes muscular spasms (wild yam)

controls or prevents cough (liquorice)

contracts proteins and reduces discharges (green tea)

stimulates appetite and digestion (gentian)

Front 13

Cardiotonic –

Carminative –

Cholagogue -

Demulcent -

Diaphoretic -

Diuretic -

Emmenagogue -

Expectorant -

Galactagogue -

Hypoglycaemic -

Nervine –

Rubefacient -

Sedative –

Tonic -

Back 13

improves heart function (hawthorn)

relaxes digstive smooth muscles, reduces gas and bloating (fennel)

increases flow of bile from gallbladder (dandelion root)

soothes mucous membrane inflammation (slippery elm)

increases perspiration (elderflower)

increases urine flow (dandelion leaf)

induces menstruation (motherwort)

facilitates removal of catarrh (liquorice)

promotes flow of breast milk (fennel)

lowers blood sugar (fenugreek)

relaxes the nervous system (skullcap)

increases local blood supply, reduces pain (wintergreen - external)

promotes sleep (passionflower)

increases strength and vitality (ashwagandha)

Front 14

name the different herbal preparation

Back 14

infusion - herbal teas

decoction (simmering)

tincture (plant extract made by soaking herbs in mixture of alcohol and water

fluid extract (strong tincture)

Standardised extracts (consistent level of one or more plants i.e OTC products)

Poultice - topical application

volatile oils- essential oils - extracted by distillation

Macerated oils - herbs stacked in carrier oil i.e. calendula (marigold) oil for skin conditions

Front 15

Chamomile tea?

Back 15

Anti-inflammatory, demulcent and a nervine relaxant. Specific fordigestive complaints aggravated by stress or anxiety. Ideal for most children's’complaints – can be used externally as a wash for eczema.

Front 16

Peppermint tea

Back 16

Carminative for gas bloating and IBS.

Front 17

Fennel tea?

Back 17

Carminative for gas bloating and IBS, increases breast milk production.

Front 18

Rose hip or Hibiscus tea?

Back 18

Antioxidant and high in vitamin C to boost immunity.

Front 19

Lime Flower tea?

Back 19

Relaxing nervine for stress and insomnia

Front 20

Lemon Balm tea?

Back 20

Relaxing nervine

Front 21

Licorice tea?

Back 21

Mild laxative, anti-inflammatory, expectorant,soothing to stomach – can raise BP

Front 22

Ginger tea?

Back 22

Carminative and warming for poor circulation.

Front 23

Cinnamon tea?

Back 23

Carminative, anti-diarrhoeal and warming for poor circulation.

Front 24

Green tea

Back 24

Antioxidant but very astringent – risk of constipation!

Front 25

Nettle tea?

Back 25

Cleansing and builds the blood.

Front 26

Sage tea?

Back 26

Good for sore throats, menopausal flushes, promoting intelligence.

Front 27

Spearmint tea?

Back 27

anti-androgenic properties; may be useful for PCOS, acne and excessive testosterone related issues

Front 28

why Brew aromatic herbs such as thyme, fennel and chamomile with the lid on?

Back 28

some volatile oils may be lost.

Front 29

Sage

antimicrobial, antioxidant, astrigent, antihyperhidrotic

Back 29

Throat infections•

Menopausal sweats or excessive sweating

• Poor memory and concentration

• Inhibits lactation

Front 30

Rosemary

circulatory stimulant, carminative, cognition enhancer, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant

Back 30

Main indications:

• For gas and bloating and dysbiosis

• Poor circulation

• Poor memory and improves mental performance

• Increases phase 2 liver detoxification

• To prevent free radical damage

Front 31

Fennel

carminative, galactagogue

Back 31

For gas and bloating • Increases milk production• Taken by nursing mothers to help infantile colic.

Front 32

Cayenne Pepper

pungent, counterirritant, carminative, Circulatory and metabolic stimulant, rubefacient

Back 32

For cold hands and feet, intermittent claudication, Raynaud’s

• Joint and muscle pain (topically)

Front 33

Parsley

carminative, diuretic, antioxidant, rich in minerals and vitamin C and vitamin K

Back 33

For fluid retention

• Gas and bloating

• Chew to reduce halitosis

Front 34

Cinnamon

circulatory stimulant, hypoglycaemic, anti-diarrhoeal, carminative, aromatic digestive

Back 34

Improving glucose metabolism- diabetes • Cold hands and feet • Diarrhoea • Colic and digestive weakness

Front 35

Peppermint

carminative, bronchodilator, anti-pruritic, anti-microbial, mild sedative, anti-emetic

Back 35

Gas and bloating and colic (oil capsules are licensed for use in IBS)

Nausea and morning sickness

Asthma (inhaled)

Itch- topically

Topically for tension headache, sinus

Front 36

Fenugreek

hypoglycaemic, demulcent, bitter, hypocholesterolemic, galactagogue, anti-inflammatory

Back 36

Diabetes or insulin resistance

• Gastrointestinal inflammation

• Difficult lactation (1 teaspoon of seeds per day)

Front 37

Mustard

circulatory and digestive stimulant, rubefacient

Back 37

‘Weak’ digestion

• Catarrh

• Poor circulation

• Joint and muscle pain (externally with caution)

Front 38

Pepper

circulatory and digestive stimulant, rubefacient

Back 38

For poor circulation

• To increase nutrient bioavailability (esp tumeric)• Joint and muscle pain (external)

Front 39

Name the beneficial chemical in Garlic

Back 39

alliin which is converted to allicin via alliinase.

Allinase is activated by the air, destroyed by heat.

Front 40

Garlic benefits?

Back 40

hypolipidaemic, hypotensive, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial, expectorant, antioxidant, anthelminitic, antifungal,antiparasitic

Front 41

Garlic indications

Back 41

Elevated triglycerides and cholesterol levels

Cardiovascular disease

Common cold, bronchitis, sinusitis, hay-fever and chest infections

Dysbiosis - worms, fungal infections

Increases bleeding time – do not take at am time as blood-thinningmedications (aspirin, warfarin) discontinue use 10 days beforesurgery

Front 42

tumeric - Researched benefits?

Anti-inflammatory (curcumin inhibits arachadonic acidmetabolism), blood thinning, anti-oxidant, reduces cholesterol,supports gastric / liver function

Back 42

Rheumatoid arthritis,

osteoarthritis,

for skin lesions,

raisedcholesterol and triglycerides

Front 43

Tuner - therapeutic benefits

Back 43

Inflammatory conditions

Alcohol induced liver damage

High cholesterol

Adjunct in cancer treatment

Antioxidant

Skin disorders

Gastric ulcers

Blood thinning effect

Hepatoprotection

Anti-cancer (esp colon)

Front 44

Globe artichoke

cholagogue, bitter, liver restorative, hypocholesterolaemic,

Back 44

Use in Practice Digestive

liver insufficiency

Irritable bowel syndrome

Dyspepsia

Cholecystitis

Gall bladder dysfunction

Elevated cholesterol

Nausea, flatulence, constipation, abdominal bloating

Safety: Avoid in cases of obstructed bile ducts

Front 45

Ginger

Anti-inflammatory, digestive, anti-platlet , circulatory stimulant, anti-emetic, carminative, anti-inflammatory

Back 45

Poor circulation

• Acute infections-rhinitis, catarrh, bronchitis

• Indigestion

• Intestinal spasm, bloating and pain

• Morning sickness or travel sickness

• Inflammatory disorders- osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis

Front 46

Thyme

antimicrobial, anti-parasitic, expectorant, spasmolytic,anti-fungal, antioxidant

Back 46

Chest infections- bronchitis, respiratory tract catarrh, cough,bronchial asthma

Common cold

Chronic gastritis, diarrhoea, dysbiosis

Halitosis, tonsillitis, stomatitis, gingivitis

Front 47

Cardamon

digestive, carminative, ‘spleen qi tonic’

Back 47

For gas, bloating, IBS, heaviness after meals.

Front 48

Oregano

antimicrobial, anti-parasite, carminative, antioxidant

Back 48

For gas, bloating, dysbiosis

• Antifungal

• Bronchitis and chest infections

Front 49

Cloves

topical analgesic, antiseptic, carminative, anthelmintic, antimicrobial

Back 49

Topically for toothache

Dysbiosis, gas and bloating.

Nausea

Tonsillitis, pharyngititis

Front 50

Antimicrobial

Back 50

(thyme for chest infections, sage for throat infections).