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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the functions of the liver?
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Metabolism, filter and detoxify blood, storage, production (coagulation factors), production and excretion of bile, and conversion of ammonia.
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What is gluconeogenesis?
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The conversion of amino acids to glucose.
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What 2 factors does hepatic drug clearance depend on?
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Intrinsic clearance and blood flow.
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If there is an increased blood flow will more or less drug make it through the first pass?
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More drug.
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If the intrinsic clearance of the drug is low, will more or less drug be passed through the liver?
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More drug will pass through the liver if the intrinsic level is low.
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What does bile consist of?
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Bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin, electrolytes, and water.
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When bile acids are conjugated are they water or lipid soluble.
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They are water soluble.
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What is bilirubin?
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Broken down aged RBCs.
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When bilirubin binds with albumin is it conjugated or unconjugate?
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Unconjugated, thus lipid soluble.
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What does bilirubin join with to be conjugated and water soluble?
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Glucoronic acid.
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Is it the lipid soluble or water soluble bilirubin that can become a component of bile?
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Water soluble (conjugated).
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What is a total bilirubin test?
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It is the addition of the indirect and direct bilirubin test.
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What is the difference between indirect and direct bilirubin tests?
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Indirect measures unprocessed bilirubin whereas direct measures processed bilirubin.
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What is the function of the gallbladder?
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Stores and concentrates bile between meals.
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What is the function of the pancreas?
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Endocrine - secrete hormones such as insulin
Exocrine - production of pancreatic digestive enzymes |
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What is ascites?
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Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavitiy.
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What causes ascites?
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Increased pressure in the mesenteric tributaries of the portal vein.
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What causes hepatic encephalopathy?
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Toxic products of gut origin that are normally metabolized in the liver enter the systemic circulation and reach the brain.
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What is commonly administered for hepatic encephalopathy?
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Lactulose.
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What are some lab test for hepatic disorders?
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ALP, AST, ALT, GGT.
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What does a urobilinogen test look for?
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It differentiates the type of jaundice.
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What is an increase in serum cholesterol indicative of?
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Biliary obstruction.
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What is a decrease in serum cholesterol indicative of?
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Extensive liver disease and malnutrition.
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