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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which hep's can cause chronic infection
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B
C D |
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which are transmitted via fecal oral and sex
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A
E |
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which are from blood sources
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B
C D |
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hepatitis B: ds or ss DNA
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both ss and ds
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which enzymes found in the virus
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reverse transcriptase
dna polymerase RNase H |
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which hep is associated w/ liver CA
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HBV
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is there a vaccine for hep b
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yes
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modes of transmission of hep b
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sexual
parenteral perinatal |
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where is there a high conc of hep b
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blood
serum wound exudates |
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t/f
most people w/ hep b are homosexuals |
f
heterosexuals |
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how to rid hep b
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prevent perinatal HBV transmission
routine vaccination of all infants vaccination of kids in high risk groups vac all adolescents at 11-12 yrs vac at risk adults |
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most hep b in which areas
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asia
amazon africa |
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hep c is transmitted via
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blood transfusions
iv drug users sex |
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which disease is associated w/ hep c
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chronic liver disease
liver CA |
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transmission of hep c via percutaneous
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inject drug
clotting factors before viral inactivation transfusion, transplant from infected donor therapeutic (contaminated equipment) occupational |
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transmission of hep c vis permucosal
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perinatal
sexual |
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most effective way to transmit hep c
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injection drug users
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which is more common HIV or Hep C
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Hep C
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t/f
hep c is rapidly acquired after initiation |
t
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nosocomial transmission of hep c
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contaminated equipment
unsafe injection practices: mulitple dose meds, therapeutic injections, plasmaphoresis |
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t/f
most infected babies w/ hep c die |
f
they do well severe hep is rare |
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transmission to baby how
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if women are HCV-RNA positive
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t/f
babies can get hep c from delivery method and breastfeeding |
f
no association w/ those |
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which is more efficient in transmitting hep c:
male to male male to female |
male to female
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t/f
rare transmission btw long term partners of hep c |
t
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sex accouts form 15-20% of acute and chronic hep c infections. why
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sex is a common behavior
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how is hep c transmitted at home
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sharing razors, toothbrushes
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if you have hep c you should:
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not donate blood
cover cuts and sores on the skin don't share personal care items |
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high risk individuals should
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limit no. of partners
use latex condoms get vaccinated against hep b get vaccinated against hep A w/ anal sex |
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t/f
hep c transmitted via kissing, hugging, sneezing, coughing, food, water, sharing eating utensils or drinking glasses, or casual contact |
f
not spread via these methods |
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tx of hep c
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interferon
ribavirin |
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activity of ribavirin
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inhibits nucleoside biosynthesis
Inhibits capping of mRNA Inhibits RNA polymerases |
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neurotropic herpes:
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alphaherpesviruses
simplexvirus: HSV 1/2, B virus varicella virus: varicella zoster |
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salivary gland tropic herpes:
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betaherpes virinae
cytomegalovirus roseolovirus: human herpes 6 and 7 |
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lymphotropic herpes
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epstein-barr
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why is it hard to make a herpes vaccine
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9 glycoprotein
tegument is amorphous no common family antigen |
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t/f
naked DNA is infectious in herpes |
t
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how do herpes attach
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glycoprotein on viral envelope
fusion w/ cell plasma membrane |
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penetration of herpes
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direct or endcytosis
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herpes envelopes are acquired at the --- ----- ----
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inner nuclear membrane
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how are virions released
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by reverse phagocytosis
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is the cell killed in herpes
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no but the functions are taken over by the virus
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what stops in latenty
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multiplication cycle
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can viruses by permanently latent
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yes
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when can reactivation of the latent virus occur
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weeks or years
due to stress or fever |
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aka burkitt's lymphona as episomal dna or intergrated dna
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epstein barr virus
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HSV2, DNA or portions of it are present in some turmor cells exp in --- carcinoma
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cervical
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HSV 1 causes
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cold sores
fever rarely encephalitis |
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when does HSV 1 occur
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early in life
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primary infection of HSV occurs when
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in 8-10 days
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s/s of latent infection
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asymptomatic
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viral dna fesides in sensory ----
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ganglia
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recurrent infection of hsv occurs when the virus replicates and travels down --- ---- to infect epithelial cells
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nerve fiber
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where do you get herpes
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trigeminal: 4
mandibular: 5 maxillary: 6 opthalmic: 7 |
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how do you get HSV2
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sexually
occasionally oral lesion |
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t/f
hsv only causes vesicles on females |
f
both sexes |
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latent infection of hsv 2 is by viral ---- residing in nerves of the --- -----
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DNA
lower back |
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how often do recurrent infections occur
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more than 5 x a year
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can kids get hsv 2 at birth
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yes
mom needs a c section |
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type 1 herpes usu in which body part
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head
can replicate w/in brain |
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type 2 herpes is w/in the ----
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meninges
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after taking antivirals can herpes still be transmitted
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yes
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prodrome:
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any symptoms, can't detect virus until more detailed s/s
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nerves that can lead to genital and rectal herpes
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sacral plexus
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which pop is more prone to hsv1 and 2
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black females
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how is varicella zoster spread
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resp tract
although it's a skin lesion |
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varicella has seasonal epidemics such as
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chicken pox
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what's a systemic infection in varicella zoster
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generalized vesicular rash
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how long is infection cycle
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2 - 2.5 weeks
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why is varicella more severe in adults
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cuz we have too much t cell production which will destroy tissue
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who does cmv cause probs in
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immunosuppressed pt's
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t/f
it's ok for pregnant women to have cmv |
f
they can abort fetus |
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how is cmv transmitted
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saliva
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how is cmv secreted
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milk
saliva semen |
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primary infection of epstein barr virus causes
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mononucelosis
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how many people carry epstein barr virus
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95% of people over 40
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what are the symptoms in kids?
adults? |
kids: none
adults: mono |
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what is epstein barr r/t in africa
|
nasopharyngeal carcinoma
|
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--- lymphoma common in AIDS
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burkitt's
|
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which causes roseola
kaposi's sarcoma? |
roseola: HHV-6
kaposi's: HHV-8 |
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t/f
multiple sclerosis can be caused by a virus |
t
|
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t/f
HH6 can cause MS'; in CNS, lymph nodes |
t
myelin sheath wears away and virus replicates : active demyelination |
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family of virus that causes rubella
genus: |
togaviridae
rubivirus |
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rubella virus cause
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german measles
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how is rubella spread
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aerosols
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rubella causes a ---- illnesses
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resp
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t/f
there's an insect vector for rubella |
f
|
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rubella is most dangerous to ---- ----
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pregnant mothers
can affect their unborn child |
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if mom doesn'thave the antibody the virus can replicate in the ----- and spread to the ---- ------ supply
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placenta
fetal blood |
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what can be alltered in infected rubella fetus
|
normal growth
mitosis chromosomal structure |
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syndromes due to rubella include:
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cataracts
mental retardation deafness |
