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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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HAV
Characteristics |
Picornaviridae
naked +ssRNA 2-3 incubation, short low mortality NO CARRIER OR CHRONIC DISEASE Fecal-Oral mostly vaccine |
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HAV
Lab Tests |
Anti-HAV: Exposed, vaccinated
Anti-HAV IgM: Recently vaccinated (3 months) |
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HAV
People at risk |
travelrs to endemic countries
homosexuals and bisexual men (ryan, you need the vaccine) drug users, chronic liver disease American Indians and Alaskian natives |
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HBV
Characteristics |
Hepadnaviridae
enveloped; circular dsDNA parenteral spread (blood and body fluid) 6 wk to 6 mo. incubation period (long) |
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HBV
Effects |
Chronic hepatitis high for children under 5 y.o. (60%)
can lead to cancer vaccine |
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HBV
Lab Tests |
HBV surface antigen: present with active infection
HBV core antigen: no test HBV e antigen: DNA Poly; active infection |
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HBV
Epi |
75-90% incidence in Asia and Middle East
80% of infants born to infected mothers |
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HBV
Effects |
heptatocellular necrosis
portal inflammation lobular inflammation ribrosis and cirrhosis |
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results HBsAg |
Infected, Carrier
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results Anti-HBs |
Immunity, vaccinated, had disease
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results Anti-HBc |
Infected
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results Anti-HBc IgM |
Recently infected, 3-6 mo.
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results HBeAg |
highly infectious
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HBV
Positive Clinical Results HBV viral DNA |
Infected, Chronic Disease Activity
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Window
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Period at about 2 months of HBV infection
where no surface antigen present and no antibodies to antigen test with anti-HBc and anti-HBc IgM |
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Test for chronic HBV
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HBsAg
Total anti-HBc |
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HVB Vaccine
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3 for kids
give to susceptible groups, healthcare workers, sexual contacts |
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HVB Therapy
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Interferon alpha for 16 wk
Lamivudiine Adefovir In this order |
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HCV
Characteristics |
Flaviviridae
Enveloped +ssRNA Incubation 2-26 weeks |
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HCV
Infection |
Acute (mild)
cryoglobulinemia (antibodies that accumulate at cold temp) aplasic anemia 80% infected are chronic carriers cirrhosis in 20% |
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HCV
Lab Tests |
anti-HCV EIA: Screen for infected, chronic case
anti-HCV RIBA: Confirmation for infected, chronic case HCV RT-PCR: active infection Do EIA first, if + then confirm with one of the others. If PCR confirmaiton is negative do RIBA |
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HCV
Factors Promoting Progression |
alcohol
over 40 yo HIV HBV |
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HCV
Perinatal Transmission |
6% rate of transmission
17% in women with HIV No association wiht breastfeeding or delivery methods infants do well |
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HCV
Transmission |
Sexual in ~20%, rare
Blood |
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HCV
Who should get tested? (4) |
injected drugs
intranasal cocaine hemodialysis liver disease |
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HCV
Treatment |
30-40% respond to antivirals interferon and ribavirin
vaccinate v. HPV No vaccination! limit alcohol 1 genotype hardest to treat 24 wk and check progress, if make progress another 24 wks pegylated interferon alpha: better but has many side effects too much info on this card. FML |
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HDV
Characteristics |
defective virus; required HBV for replication
circular ssRNA HBV envelop parenteral transmission Incubation Period: 6 wk-6 mo. |
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HDV
Clinical |
Lead to cirrhosis
HBV-HDV coinfection severe acute disease; low risk fro chronic HBV-DVS super infection: usually chronic; high risk for liver disease |
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HDV
Transmission |
IV drugs
doing the nasty. |
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Ryan's Mom
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Niiice. Sexy time. (Borat voice).
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HEV - Like HAV
Characteristics |
Enteric
fecal oral developing countries contaminated water incubation: 2-8 weeks |
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HEV
Disease States |
high mortality (20%) among pregnant women
no chronic case no treatment |
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HEV
Prevention |
Avoid contaminated water
uncooked shellfish uncooke fruit/vegetables |
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HGV
Characteristics |
flaviviridae
enveloped +ssRNA incubation 1-4 mo prevalence: 3-10% or 25% in high risk groups. |
