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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is the reservoir for Arena viruses?
Rodents
What is the structure and genome of the arena virus family?
They are spherical virions with helical nucleocapsid and lipid envelopes with a segmented -ssRNA
What are the important viruses of the arena family?
lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, lassa virus, and the machupo & junin viruses
Describe the symptoms caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and from what animals is it usually obtained?
This virus causes a spectrum of diseases from fever to meningitis and encephalitis; usually seen in house mice and pet rodents in the US
Describe the transmission of arenaviruses
They are transmitted via aerosolized animal excretions that enter via the respiratory tract
Where is the Lassa virus commonly found and what sort of disease occurs?
The Lassa virus is commonly found in West Africa and causes hemorrhagic fever and deafness
Where are the Machupo and Junin viruses found and what disease do they cause?
They are found in Bolivia and Argentina and cause hemorrhagic fever
What is the important genus of the Bunyavirus family and what is its structure and genome?
The hantavirus has a helical nucleocapsid with 3 segments of -ssRNA
Describe the transmission of the hantavirus
It is transmitted by inhaling aerosolized rodent poop
Describe the Korean hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and name the causative virus
It is a hemorrhagic fever and nephropathy caused by the hantavirus
What virus causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and what is the natural reservoir?
This is caused by the Sin Nombre virus and the natural reservoir is the deer mouse
What assays are used to identify the Sin Nombre virus in hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining of the lung tissue as well as ELISA to detect ant-hantavirus IgM or IgG in the serum
What are the clinical features of hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
This is a febrile illness with bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates and respiratory compromise that requires supplemental oxygen and develops in a previously healthy person
What is the current mortality of the hantavirus respiratory syndrome?
35%
Describe the structure and genome of filoviruses
They are long and filamentous with a lipid envelope and -ssRNA
Describe the transmission of filoviruses
They are transmitted from infected and diseased non-human primates with unknown natural reservoirs
Name the two viruses of the filoviruses family
Ebola and Marburg
Describe the mortality of the hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus
It has a high mortality usually around 90%
What is the major mode of transmission of the Ebola virus and what has been proposed as the natural reservoir?
The major mode of transmission is contact with blood or blood contaminated body fluids of people who have been infected; the proposed reservoir is fruit eating bats
What virus had an outbreak in 1995 in central Africa?
The Ebola virus
What are the symptoms of Ebola virus infection?
It causes a hemorrhagic fever with initial non-specific symptoms leading to diarrhea, vomiting, and internal and external bleeding leading to death