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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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when does CML occur when speaking of oncogenes?
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When the proto-oncongene abl from chromosome 9 translocates to the bcr gene on chromosome 22; forming the Philly
Briefly, when proto-oncogenes mutate |
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what is the MCC of hereditary cancer?
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suppressor gene mutations
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what does the c-myc proto-oncogene do?
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it's product drives the cell from the Go resting phase to the S1 replication phase
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this cancer is characterized by accumulation of abnormal myc forms and rapic tumor growth
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Burkitt's Lymphoma; seen in children and adults
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a mutation of bcl2 results in?
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ALL
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what cancer does asbestos cause?
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mesothelioma
lung cancer |
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what cancers does ionizing radiation cause?
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Leukemias
thyroid sarcoma |
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cancers caused by solar radiation
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Melanoma
squamous cell skin cancer |
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cancers caused by estrogen
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breast, endometrial, vaginal
Post menopausal women who take estrogen are at high risk for endometrial CA |
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cancers caused by diet
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breast, prostate, colon, gastric
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Benzene exposure increases risk of which cancer?
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Leukemia
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what infectious agent is assoc. with Burkitt's lymphoma?
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EBV
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T/F African American women have higher mortality rates in ALL types of cancers in the US
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False; in all except lung CA
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T/F African American men are more likely to get colon CA
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TRUE; 50% more likely in men
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what are the chances of developing cancer in you life?
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45%; 1 in 2 (males)
38%; 1 in 3 (females |
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what is benzopyrene diolepoxide? Its binding to areas near the TP53 gene causes?
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metabolite in cigarette smoke; causes lung cancer
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this lung cancer presents more often with a peripheral lung nodule
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Adenocarcinoma (Most Common)
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Small cell lung cancer is linked to what?
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Cigarette smoking
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This lung CA presents with a large, central tumor with mediatinal involvement
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Small cell lung CA
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which cancer has a proclivity to cause paraneoplastic syndrome such as SIADH and Cushings?
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Small cell lung CA
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what is Cisplatin?
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a platinum based chemo drug to treat various cancers
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what are the important features of staging in NSCLC
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Tumor size
Proximity to central structures Lymph node involvement |
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how do you treat SCLC
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Combination chemo
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Name the ABVD chemo drugs
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Adriamycin
Bleomycin Vincristine (Oncovin Dacarbazine |
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Name the CHOP drugs
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Cyclophasphamide
Hydro Adriamycin Oncovin (Vincristine Prednison |
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what type of cancers makes up the majority of cancers in the head, neck, and mouth?
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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what are complications of gentamycin?
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Ototoxic
Nephrotoxic |
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what are complications of Clindamycin?
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Psuedomembraneous Colitis
Tx with Flagyl |
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MC esophageal CA in lower esophagus?
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Adenocarcinoma
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MC esophageal CA in upper esophagus?
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Squamous cell
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The MC Tx of esophageal CA?
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Surgical removal
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what is Sister Mary Joseph's node?
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unbilical node; may be seen in gastric CA
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MCC of pancreatic cancer?
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Smoking
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S/Sx of pancreatic CA?
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Ab pain/Weight loss
Recent onset of DM Courvoisier's sign (palp gallbladder) Trousseau's sign (migrating thrombophlebitis |
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Treatment for pancreatic CA?
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Whipple's procedure
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Two tests to detect early protate CA
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DRE
PSA-prostate specific antigen |
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Why is PSA important?
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PSA is a protein produced by the prostate and serum PSA levels may be elevated in enlargement or cancer of the prostate
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When should HepB be administered?
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First dose: At Birth
Second dose: 1-2 months Third dose: >6 months |
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When should the Rota vaccine be given?
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6-12 weeks
Final dose should NOT be given after 32 weeks |
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When should DTP be given?
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6 weeks
Final dose between 4-6 years |
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when is H.flu b (Hib) vaccine given?
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First dose: 2 months
Second dose: 4 months |
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who is recommended for getting an annual influenza vaccine?
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Children >59 months with high risks
Healthcare workers people in close contact with high risk groups |
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what's the minimum age of the influenza vaccine?
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6 months
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what's the minimum age for MMR?
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12 months
second dose at 4-6 yrs |
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when should you get a booster Tdap shot? (tetanus diphtheria acellular pertussis)
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At age 11-12
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what's the minimum age for the Meningococcal vaccine?
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11-12 yrs
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what tumor markers show up in breast CA?
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Estrogen and Progesterone receptors
Her-2 Her-1 |
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when are HCG levels elevated?
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Pregnancy
Testicular failure |
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Tumor marker elevated in liver, ovary, and testicular CA. Also elevated in pregnancy.
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AFP (Alpha-feto protein)
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what is the BCG vaccine for?
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Vaccine against TB
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Group A pyogenes is assoc. with what type of infections?
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Skin infections
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What is the vaccine given to protect against various strep infections?
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Pneumovax 23
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what is the MC form of cervical cancer?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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MC cutaneous malignancy
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Basal cell carcinoma
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