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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pluripotent
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small mononuclear cells
-self-perpetuating -forms colonies (CFU) |
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Multipotent
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can differentiate into lymphoid or myeloid cells
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Progenitor cells
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committed a cell lineage. developmental restriction, allows tremendous amplification
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Precursor cells
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can proliferate into mature cells of various types. Has morph. charac. specific to lineage
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Embryo Hematopoiesis
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wk 3: fetal yolk sac
then, liver 2nd trimester: spleen at term: BM <4yr: all bone cavities adults: axial skeleton, proximal long bone |
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stroma includes:
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fat cells, macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts
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Non-lineage specific Growth Factors (for hematopoiesis)
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Act on pluripotent & multipotent SC's. initiate self-renewal & differentiation
-IL-3 -GM-CSF |
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Lineage specific Growth Factors (for hematopoiesis)
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G-CSF
M-CSF IL-5 EPO TPO (thrombopoietin) |
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Erythropoiesis
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proerythroblast
basophilic erythroblast polychromatophilic erythroblast (last stage capable of division) orthochromatophilic erythroblast reticulocyte mature RBC |
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Proerythroblast (pronormoblast)
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LARGE cells w/ intense blue cytoplasm & round nucleus w/ few NUCLEOLI
-committed stem cell |
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Basophilic Erythroblast (normoblast)
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intense darker blue cytoplasm, condensed nuclear chromatin, WITHOUT nucleoli
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Polychromatophilic Erythroblast
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grayish cytoplasm (Hgb production), smaller condensed nucleolus
-last stage capable of division -first cell to make Hgb* |
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Orthochromatophilic Erythroblast
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reddish cytoplasm, very small condensed nucleus
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Reticulocyte
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after orthochromic normoblast extrudes nucleus.
retains mitochondria and polyribosomes (Hgb produc) -first immature RBC -remnants of RNA = "reticular" |
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mature RBC
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after reticulocyte loses capacity for aerobic metabolism and Hgb synthesis
a couple days after leave BM -120 day lifespan |
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Granulopoiesis
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myeloblast
promyeloblast myelocyte metamyelocyte band neutrophil |
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Myeloblast
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large cell, high N:C ratio
-nucleus: delicate chromatin pattern w/ few nucleoli |
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Promyelocyte
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similar to myeloblast appearance, except cytoplasm contains primary (purple) granules
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Myelocyte
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*last stage capable of division.
-nucleus: smaller, condense, lacks nucleoli, may be eccentrically located -cytoplasm: secondary (pink) granules -granules specific to neutrophils/eosinophils/basophils |
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Metamyelocyte
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kidney-shaped nucleus, pink cytoplasm
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Band
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horseshoe nucleus, pink cytoplasm
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Neutrophil
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highly condense, loculated nucleus
-first line of defense against microorganisms -lysosomal enzymes digest ingested bacteria |
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Monocytopoiesis
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monoblasts -> monocytes, leave bloodstream -> part of mononuclear phagocyte system
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Megakaryocytopoiesis
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-megakaryocytes mature into multilobed giant cells (endomitotic divisions)
-cytoplasm becomes granular, released into BM sinusoids in ribbons that contain platelets |
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Lymphopoiesis
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B-cells: differentiate in BM, then to lymphoid organs
T-cells: differentiate in thymus, then to lymphoid organs |
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nl Adult BM
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-50% fat cells
-myeloid:erythroid = 2:1 to 7:1 -megakaryocytes: 2-5 per high power field -plasma cells <3% -lymphocytes <20% |
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Cellular Components of Blod
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-Erythrocytes
-Granulocytes (basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils) -Monocytes -Lymphocytes -Platelets |