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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the presenting symptoms of ALL?
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Symptoms result from bone marrow failure and pancytopenia.
* Pallor & Fatigue * Bleeding * Infection LYMPHADENOPATHY and SPLENOMEGALY may also be present. |
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What is the presenting white count in ALL?
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The presenting WBC count in ALL is usually high (75% of cases)
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What constitutes the bone marrow in ALL?
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Greater than 30% of bone marrow is NUCLEATED BLAST CELLS.
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What tissues may be involved with ALL?
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1) ** CNS and TESTES ("sanctuary sites")
2) Spleen and Liver (organomegaly possible) 3) Lymph nodes (adenopathy) |
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How is ALL classified?
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ALL is classified according to morphologic features
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From what cell lines does ALL derive?
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80% from B-Cells
20% from T-Cells |
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What is the TREATMENT for ALL?
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Chemotherapy is the mainstay treatment for ALL
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What are the three main types of ALL?
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L1: uniform, small lymphoblasts (esp. children)
L2: heterogeneous, larger lymphoblasts (esp. adults) L3: large basophilic blasts with vacuoles (Burkitt’s leukemia) |
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Which is AML? ALL?
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What is the INDUCTION therapy for ALL?
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ALL Induction Therapy:
1) Vincristine 2) Predinsone/Dex 3) Dauno- or Doxorubicin 4) L-asparaginase |
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What special-case therapy is mandatory in ALL treatment?
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CNS Prophylaxis, with intrathecal Methotrexate & Cranial Irradiation
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What is the MAINTENANCE therapy for ALL?
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Low dose therapy with Methotrexate and 6-Mercaptopurine
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What are indicators of a poor prognosis with ALL?
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1) Age <1 year or >10 years
2) WBC count >50K 3) CNS involvement 4) Philadelphia translocation 5) Failure to achieve remission in <4 weeks |
