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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define hematopoieses:
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The process whereby pluripotent stem cells self-renew, proliferate and differentiate into eight distinct blood cell lineages
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Name the 8 blood cell types
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RBC, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, monocyte, B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocytem and platelet
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Name the 3 cells of the myeloid type
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Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil
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Name some extramedullary sites of hematopoieses
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Spleen, liver, kidney, and adrenal
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T/F In the embryo, hematopoises occurs in the bone marrow.
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False
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Where are the mammalian embryonic blood islands?
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1.Yolk sac-has multipotential stem cells and produces large nucleated erythrocytes
2. Aorta-gonad-mesonephros-Hematopoietic progenitor cells(HPC's) |
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Name some locations of fetal extramedullary hematopoieses
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liver, spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes
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When does bone marrow develop during gestation?
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2nd trimester
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Name some parts of bone marrow stroma.
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Reticular cells-adnentitial cells and adipocytes
Vascular elements Neural elements Extracellular matrix |
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T/F In birds all cells are produced in the extravascular areas of the stroma.
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False-they are in mammals but in birds-
Leukocytes are prod. in extravascular space Erythrocytes and Thrombocytes-prod. in intravascular space |
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Name some functions of reticular cells
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Structure of the bone marrow stroma, support endothelium, support granulopoiesis, store lipid
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Reticular fibers, collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and basal laminae of sinuses make up what?
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Extracellular matrix
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What are some functions of proteoglycans?
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Promote adhesion of hematopoietic cells to the BM stroma, bind growth factors, and have hematopoietic cell receptors
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Hemonectin, VCAM-1, Laminin, Thrombospondin, and Fibronectin are examples of what?
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Glycoproteins
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What are some functions of Glycoproteins?
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Bind integrins on hematopoietic cells, promote adhesion of hematopoietic cells to BM stroma
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What does HSC stand for?
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Hematopoietic stem cells
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Give some characteristics of Hematopoietic stem cells.
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Self-renew
Proliferate Differentiate into HPC's |
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What does HPC stand for?
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Hematopoietic progenitor cells
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Give some characteristics of Hematopoietic progenitor cells.
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Do not self renew
Proliferate Differentiate into varied colony forming units |
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What cell types do CFU-GEMM form?
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Granulocytes
Erythrocytes Monocytes Megakaryocytes |
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What cell types does CFU-GM form?
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Granulocytes
Monocytes |
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What cell types does CFU-E form?
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Erythrocytes
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Describe how HSC's and HPC's home to the bone marrow.
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They have integrins on the cell surface that bind to selectins on endothelial cells. They produce VEGF which affects the permeability of the endothelial cell. They can migrate b/t endo. cells with the aid of cytokines.
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T/F Blood cell maturation is Irreversible?
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True
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Name the order of maturation of the erythroid line from immature to mature?
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Rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, reticulocyte, and erythrocyte
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Give the order of maturation of cells in the myeloid line.
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Myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band granulocyte, and segmented granulocytes
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What is the major chemical needed for normal maturation of RBC's?
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Erythropoietin
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Name 2 growth factors needed for HSC and HPC cycling
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Stem cell factor(SCF)
Flt3 Ligand |
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Name some growth factors for multipotential proliferation.
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IL-3
GM-CSF IL-4 |
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Name a factor for neutrophil proliferation.
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G-CSF
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Name a growth factor for erythroid proliferation.
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EPO
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Name a growth factor for eosinophil proliferation
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IL-5
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Name some growth factor functions.
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Regulate hematopoietic differentiation.
Alter cell surface protein expression. Prevent apoptosis of hematopoietic cells. Enhance leukocyte functions Chemoattractants |
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Name some inhibitors of hematopoiesis.
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TGF-beta
TNF-alpha IFN-alpha IFN-gamma |
