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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are events that can trigger DVT?
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• immobilization • orthopedic & other surgical procedures • use of oral contraceptives • pregnancy
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What are acquired caused of hypercoagulability?
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• anticardiolipin antibodies • cancer • estrogens / pregnancy • heparin-induced thrombocytopenia • inflammatory disorders • lupus anticoagulant • myeloproliferative disorders • paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria • postoperative
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What are congenital cause of hypercoagulability?
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• abnormal plasminogen • activated protein C resistance • antithrombin III deficiency • dysfibrinogenemia • factor V leiden • protein C or protein S deficiency
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What is Virchow's Triad?
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• venous blood stasis • damage to the vascular wall • hypercoaguable state
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What is the mostd common inherited disorder that leads to DVT?
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• Factor V Leiden • leads to a fivefold increased risk of DCT or PE
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What is a good prophylactic treatment to protect against pulmonary embolism in patients with contraindications to anticoagulation?
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Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters
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What are characteristics of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome?
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• an acquired prothrombotic disorder • may be primary or secondarily associated with autoimmune disorders (SLE) • serologic markers include anticardiolipin antibodies and/or the lupus anticoagulant
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What are some myeloproliferative disorders characterized by an elevated platelet count?
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• essential throbocythemia • chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) • polycythemia vera
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What are some treatments for a supratherapeutic INR level?
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• temporarily hold warfarin and give the drug at a lower maintanence dose with moderately elevated INR with little or no bleeding • withold warfarin and give oral vitamin K with higher INR levels without serous bleeding • with series bleeding, vitamin K and plasma will quickly correct the INR
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What causes warfarin-induced skin necrosis?
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• warfarin depletes protein C before it leads to anticoagulation • causes a period of hypercoagulability due to unopposed protein C depletion which results in thrombosis of skin vessels • can be prevented by using heparin for 5-7 days until warfain induces anticoagulation
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What is erythromelalgia and what is its treatment?
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• erythromelalgia is painful redness and burning of the hands • tx = aspirin 325 mg daily
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What is the lupus anticoagulant?
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an IgM or IgG immunoglobulin that produces a prolonged PTT
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What test is a more sensitive assay and is specifically disgned to demonstrate the presence of a lupus anticoagulant?
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Russel viper venom (RVV) time
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