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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are lymphomas and how are they different from leukemias? What are 2 major types of lymphomas?
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Lymphomas: solid tumors of lymphoid system (LN, tonsils, GI tract, spleen, liver). Not found in bone marrow like leukemias.
2 types: Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's |
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Compare follicular vs. diffuse type NHL in terms of prognosis and cell type.
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Follicular: better px -- difficult to cure but indolent course, B-cell type
Diffuse: agressive but 50% curable, either B or T-cell type |
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What is the genetic abnormality in follicular lymphoma (small cleaved cell)?
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t (14;18)
bcl-2 expression (involved in apoptosis) |
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What is the most common lymphoma in children? in adults?
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Children: lymphoblastic lymphoma
Adults: follicular lymphoma |
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How do lymphoblastic lymphoma patients present?
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Presents with ALL and mediastinal mass (very aggressive)
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What markers are seen in lymphoblastic lymphoma?
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TdT and T-cell marker (T-cell type)
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Burkitt's Lymphoma:
1) cell type? 2) linked to what virus? 3) difference b/w African vs. US form |
1) B-cell
2) EBV 3) African: involves jaw US: abdomen more common |
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Describe histology of Burkitt's
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"starry sky pattern"
-- dark background of densely packed lymphocytes with light colored spots of macrophages |
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Genetic abnormality of Burkitt's
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t (8;14)
c-myc gene fused to Ig heavy chain |
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What is cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL, mycosis fungoides)?
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slowly progressive CD4+ T-cell lymphoma of skin, usually in elderly
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Describe histology of CTCL
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cerebriform nuclei (nuclei look like cerebral gyri)
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Clinical presentation of CTCL
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systemic erythroderma, erythematous and pruritic rash
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Hodgkin's Lymphoma:
1) age distribution 2) gender 3) most commonly associated virus |
1) bimodal
2) young men 3) EBV (up to 50%) |
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Presentation of HL
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Constitutional si/sx: low grade fever, night sweats, weight loss, **in some pts, sx worsen with EtOH intake**
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What is the distinctive tumor giant cell seen in HL?
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Reed-Sternberg cells (binucleate giant cell -- owl eyes -- with eosinophilic inclusions
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Name and describe a variant of R-S cell
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Lacunar cell: mononucleated giant cell in nodular sclerosis
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HL severity proportional to ____
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number of R-S cells
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Name 4 variants of HL
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Lymphocyte predominant
Nodular sclerosing Mixed cellularity Lymphocyte depletion |
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Which HL variant is most common?
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Nodular sclerosing
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Which HL variant(s) have excellent prognosis?
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Nodular sclerosing and lymphocyte predominant
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Which HL variant(s) have poor prognosis?
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Lymphocyte depletion
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Which HL variant more common in women, primarily young adults?
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Nodular sclerosing
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Which HL variant in <35yo males?
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Lymphocyte predominant
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Which HL variant has most number of RS cells?
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Mixed cellularity
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Which HL variant(s) has lacunar cell RS variant?
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Nodular sclerosing
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Describe 4 clinical stages.
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I: LN
II: >1 LN on same side of diaphragm III: both sides of diaphragm IV: disseminated, organ or extranodal tissue involved |