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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are characteristics of CML?
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• a myeloproliferative disorder charcterized by overproduction of myeloid cells • has a specific chromosome abnormality, the Philadelphia chromosome
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Describe each phase of CML
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• Chronic phase: inactive, asymptomatic phase lasting 3-5 years • Accelerated phase: fever, weight loss, worsening splenomegaly, and bone pain related to rapid marrow cell turnover • Blast crisis: evolution to acute leukemia; marrow is replaces by blasts w/ loss of normal mature cellular elements in the marrow & periphery
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True/False: Patients with CML will have a right-shift on a differentiated CBC
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Patients with CML will have an increase in neutrophils & macrophages, which will cause a left-shift The correct answer is: False
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What age group is typically affected by CML?
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usually older patients (median age of onset is 55 y/o)
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What are lab findings of a patient with CML?
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• elevated WBC (usualy > 500,000) with a left-shift • bone marrow is hypercellular • presence of the Philadelphia chromosome
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Acute Lumphoblastic leukemia (ALL) typically affects what age group?
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children (90%)
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Acute myelogenous leukemia typically affects which age group?
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adults (90%)
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What are characteristics of the acute leukemias?
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• a malignancy of the hematopoietic progenitor cell • malignant cell loses its ability to mature & differentiate • malignant cells proliferate in an uncontrolled fashion and replace normal bone marrow elements
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What are signs & symptoms of acute leukemia?
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• bleeding (due to thrombocytopenia) • infection (due to neutropenia) • bone & joint pain • enlargement of the liver, spleen, & lymph nodes
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What are lab findings of a patient with acute leukemia?
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• a combination of pancytopenia with circulating blasts • bone marrow is hypercellular and dominated by blasts
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Describe CLL
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• a clonal malignancy of B lymphocytes • B cells respond poorly to antigens • manifested clinically by immunosupression, bone marrow failure, and organ infiltration with lymphocytes
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CLL typically affects what age group?
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older patients, with 90% of cases occuring after age 50
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What is the classic laboratory findings of a patient with CLL?
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Lymphocytosis (or a right-shift)
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