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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Seborrhea
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Oily
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Xerosis
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Dry
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Pruritus
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Itchy skin
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Urticaria
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hives
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Vitiligo
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Complete absence of melanin pigment in patchy areas
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Danger signs of melanoma
(ABCDEF's) |
A-asymmetry
B-border irregularity C-color variation D-diameter (pencil eraser) E-elevation F-feeling- Sensation |
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Pallor
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pale
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Pallor indicates
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anemia shock, arterial insufficiency, high stress states,
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Erythema
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redness
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Erythema indicates
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fever, local inflammation, emotion reactions, polycythemia, venous stasis
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Cyanosis
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blue
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Cyanosis indicates
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hypoxemia which occurs in (shock, hearth failure, chronic bronchitis, congenital heart disease, and anemia)
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Jaundice
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yellow
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Jaundice indicates
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increase bilirubin in blood, (hepatitis, Cirrhosis of liver, sickle-cell disease, transfusion reaction, hemolytic disease of new-born)
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Jaundice is first noticed where
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Junction of hard and soft palate in mouth and in sclera
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Diaphoresis
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Excessive sweating
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Anasarca
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edema that is generalized over the whole body
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Cherry (senile) angiomas
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small, slightly raised bight red dots, common on trunk of adults over 30 *not significant*
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Primary lesion
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on previously unaltered skin
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Macule
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flat, circumscribed, less than 1cm
Ex: freckles, measles, scarlet fever |
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Patch
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Macules that are larger than 1cm
Ex: mongolian spot, measles rash, vitiligo |
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Papule
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*something you can feel*
solid, elevated, circumscribed, less than 1cm Ex: elevated nevus(mole), verruca (wart) |
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Nodule
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Larger than papule, 1-2 cm elevated firm lesion
Ex: xanthoma, fibroma |
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Tumor
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Large nodule
Ex: lipoma, hemangioma |
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vessicle
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elevated fluid filled cavity up to 1cm. clear serum flows if ruptured
Ex: chicken pox, shingles, contact dermatitis. |
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Cyst
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Encapsulated fluid filled cavity in dermis/subcutaneous layer, feels solid
Ex: sebaceous cyst |
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Pustule
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Turbid fluid (pus) in center,
Ex: impetigo, acne |
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Wheal
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superficial raised, transient, reddened,
Ex: mosquito bite, allergic reaction |
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Fissure
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linear crack into dermis
Ex: athletes foot |
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Erosion
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Scooped out, shallow depression not into dermis
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Lichenification
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prolinged intense scratching thickens skin looks like surface of moss
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Atrophic scar
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scar that is depressed with loss of tissure
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Keloid
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hypertrophic scar, *higher incidence among dark skin*
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Stage I pressure ulcer
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Red, unbroken skin w/ blanching
*dark skin appears darker but no blanching* |
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Stage II pressure ulcer (partial-thickness)
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loss of epidermis or also dermis
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Stage III (Full-thickness)
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Into subcutaneous fat
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Stage IV (Full-thickness)
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exposes muscle, tendon, or bone, may show slough or eschar.
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Petechiae
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tiny punctate hemorrhages caused by bleeding from superficial capillaries
could indicate abnormal clotting factors |
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Ecchymosis
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purplish patch results from extravasation of blood into skin
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Purpura
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extensive patch of petechiae and ecchymosis.
Seen in Scurvy! =] |
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Most common form of skin cancer
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basal cell
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Basal cell carcinoma characteristic appearance
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pearly w/ rounded edges & central depression
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Basal cell cancer occurs most commonly where
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sun exposed areas of face, ears, scalp, shoulders.
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Does Basal cell cancer grow fast or slow
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Slow
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Squamous cell carcinoma characteristic appearance
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scaly, w/ sharp margins 1cm or more. central ulcer w/ surrounding redness.
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Does Squamous cell carcinoma grow fast or slow
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fast
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Squamous cell carcinoma occurs most commonly where
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hands or head; areas exposed to UV radiation
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Malignant Melanoma characteristic appearance
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usually brown; can be tan, black,, pink-red, purple, or mixed pigmentation, irregular/ notched borders, may have scaling, flaking, oozing texture.
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Common location for Malignant Melanoma in women
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Trunk, back, legs
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Common location for Malignant Melanoma in men
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Trunk, back
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Common location for Malignant Melanoma in African Americans
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palms, soles of feet, nails, trunk, back
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Beau's line
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transverse groove in nail
indicates local trauma |
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Splinter hemorrhages
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red-brown linear streaks, embolic lesions
indicates bacterial endocarditis or minor trauma |
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onycholysis
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fungal infection of finger/toenail
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Cutis marmorata
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transient mottling in trunk & extremities
occurs with Down Syndrome |
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Three things you are inspection on nails
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Shape, Consistency, Color
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Four things you inspect with hair
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Color, texture, Distribution, lesions
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poor skin turgor is associated with
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dehydration
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common complaints concerning dermatological system
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pain, rash, itching, dermatological change
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functions of skin
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protection, temperature regulation, perception, communication, wound repair, absorption & secretion, production of vitamin D
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risk factors for skin break down
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limited mobility, poor nutrition, immunosuppressed, chronic illness, moisture
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Individuals most at risk for develop skin cancer
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fair skinned, repeated skin trauma/irritation, family history, extended periods of exposure to sunlight
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Impact of aging hair skin nails
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skin thins, sweat&sebaceous glands decrease, slow wound healing, nails grow slowly, facial hair in women
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2 groups of people with mild to no body odor
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Asians & American Indians
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Skin conditions found commonly among African Americans
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Keloids,pseudofolliculitis (razor bumps) Melasma (patchy tan to dark brown discoloration in face)
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