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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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thermometers
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A device used to measure temperature
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scales
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a series of equally dividedsections that are marked and numberedfor use in measurement (e.g.,centimetres, litres, or grams)
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particle model of matter
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i-Identical particles
M-particles in motion A-Attracting S-space S-small particles |
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energy
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the ability to do workand to cause change (chemicalor physical)
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Celsius scale
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the mostcommon scale for measuring temperature;on the Celsius scale,water at sea level boils at 100° andfreezes below 0°
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sensor
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a material that is affected bychange in some feature of the environment,such as temperature
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signal
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information about temperature,such as an electrical current
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responder
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a pointer, light, orother mechanism that uses thesignal in some way
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thermal energy
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the energy generatedby the movement or vibrationof particles; the total kineticenergy of all the particles in asubstance
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temperature
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a relative measureof how hot or cold something is,measured on a scale; the averagekinetic energy of the particles in asubstance (
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Kelvin scale
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a scale used for measuringtemperatures in scientificexperiments; on the Kelvin scale,pure water freezes at 273 K andboils at 373 K; the coldest possibletemperature (also known asabsolute zero) is 0 K
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condensation
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the process ofchanging from a gas or vapour toa liquid; clouds, fog, and dew areexamples of condensation
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sublimation
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a change in statewhen a gas changes directly to asolid or a solid changes directlyto a gas
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evaporative cooling
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a process inwhich the faster-moving particleson the surface of a liquid evaporateand escape into the air; the slowermovingparticles, which are leftbehind, have lower kinetic energy,decreasing the temperature of theremaining liquid and the surfaceon which it is restingevents
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energy source
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an object or materialthat can transfer energy to otherobjects
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radiation
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the transfer of energyin the form of electromagneticwaves
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radiant energy
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energy that istransmitted via electromagneticwaves; radiant energy can beabsorbed and reflected by objects,and it moves through empty spaceat 300 000 km/s
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thermal conduction
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the directtransfer of thermal energy fromone particle or object to anotherthrough contact or collision
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heat insulators
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materials that slowthe transfer or conduction of thermalenergy from one object toanother; examples of heat insulatorsinclude fibreglass andStyrofoam™ cups
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convection current
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a flowresulting from the rising of warmmaterials and the sinking ofcooler denser materials
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geothermal energy
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Energy that we get from the Earth's interior
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solar energy
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Energy from the sun
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passive solar heating
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uses materials in structure to absorb, store and release the solar energy
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active solar heating
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A type of heating using mechanical devices like fans.
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solar collectors
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complex mechanical systems and devices involved in active solar heating
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wind energy
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energy from moving air
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energy resource
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anything to provide energy in a useful form
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fossil fuels
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chemicals from decomposed organisms that have been preserved deep underground
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non-renewable resources
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fossil fuels, things you can't always get
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renewable resources
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resources that can always reproduce
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greenhouse gases
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any gas that can absorb infrared energy
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thermal pollution
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accidental warming of the enviroment
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cogeneration
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uses waste to generate electricity
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refrigerant
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liquids that evaporate easily at low temperatures
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4 holy temperatures
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0。celsius- melting/freezing point of water
100 degrees celsius-boiling/condensing point of water 37degrees celsius- normal human temperature 20-25 degrees celsius- room temperature |
