Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the size, weight and location of the heart?
|
the heart is about the size of a fist, it weighs 250-350 grams and located in the mediastinum
|
|
|
Name the coverings of the heart.
|
The pericardium covers the heart and has two layers. Fibrous Pericardium. Serous Pericardium.
|
|
|
The heart wall is composed of three layers name them.
|
1. epicardium (visceral pericardium
2. myocardium (cardiac muscle) 3. inner endocardium |
|
|
Chamers of the Heart
|
4 chambers = 2 atria and 2 ventricals
|
|
|
the Interatrial septum?
|
it separates the atria internally
|
|
|
the interventricular septum separates the two _________ internally
|
ventricles
|
|
|
Grooves of the heart
|
1.antrioventricular sulcus or coronary sulcus (between the atria and ventriacles)
2. Anterior interventricular sulcus and posterior interventriculaer sulcus (between the ventricles. |
|
|
The atria of the heart
|
a receiving chamber
|
|
|
Ventricles
|
distributing chambers; thick walled, the left ventricle is the thickest
|
|
|
deoxygenated blood enters the heart through
|
deoxygenated blood enters through the right atrium from the superior vena cave, inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
|
|
|
oxygenated blood enters the heart at the _______ ________ from the lungs via the four pulmonary veins and flows into the left ventricle
|
left atrium
|
|
|
deoxygenated blood leaves the heart via the ________ _______
from the right ventricle. Oxygenated blood leaves the heart through the _______ |
pulmonary trunk/aorta
|
|
|
The Pulmonary Circut is _________ and the Systemic circut is _________________.
|
Pulmonary = heart to lungs to lungs.
Systemic = |
|
|
Heart Valves
|
1. tricuspid (right atrioventricular valve)
2. bicuspid valve (mitral valve) left atrioventricular valve 3. aortic semilunar valves in the aorta: trhee valves 4. Pulmonary semilunar valves: in the pulmonary trunk- three valves |
|
|
The purpose of heart valves:
|
to prevent back flow of blood between chambers of the heart.
|
|
|
Blood supply to the heart muscle.
|
conducted by two coronary arteries: right and left
Right coronary artery branches into marginal and posterior interventricular arteries. Left Coronary artery branches into circumflex and anterior interventricular arteries. |
|
|
Blood drains from the heart by _____ veins. Which are:
|
small, great, and middle cardiac veins into coronary sinus and then to the right atrium.
|
|
|
The blood pumps _____ pints of blood _______ times per day
|
6 pints/ 1000 times per day
|
|
|
Properties of cardiac muscle
|
branched striated generally uninucleated cells which are electrically coupled via gap junctions present in intercalated discs:
|
|
|
syncytium refers to:
|
the muscle fibers of the heart functioning as a single unit.
|
|
|
Cardiac muscles depend on ______ respiration
|
arobic
|
|
|
Cardiac muscle have a prolonged ________________ periord that prevents tetanization.
|
refactory
|
|
|
Intrinsic conduction system comprised of
|
1. sinuatrial node (pacemaker)
2. atrioventricular node (AV node) 3. atrioventricular bundles or bundles of HIS (in interventricular septum) 4. Bundle branches 5. Purkinje fibers |
|
|
Normal Heart Rate is:
|
about 72-75 beats per minute
|
|
|
Tachycardia
|
rapid heart beat 100 per min.
|
|
|
Bradycardia
|
less than 60 beats per minute
|
|
|
Heart Block
|
if AV node is damaged control by SA node is lost and bentricles begin to beat in their own rate, slower than normal.
|
|
|
Fibrilation
|
is a rapid and irregular or out of phase contractions thus useless as a pump: circulation stops and brain dies. Artificial pacemaker
|
|
|
Arrythmias
|
are uncoordinated atrial and ventricular contractions
|
|
|
Cardiac Cycle
|
1. Mid to late diastole
2. ventricular systole 3. Early diastoly |
