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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does a diminished S1 mean?
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-First-degree heart block
-Mitral regurgitation -Reduced LV contractility in CHF or CHD |
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What does an accentuated S1 mean?
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-Tachycardia
-Rhythms w/ short PR intervals -High CO states -Mitral stenosis |
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What does an accentuated S2 mean?
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A2-HTN or dilated aortic root
P2-Pulmonary HTN or dilated pulmonary A |
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What does a diminished S2 mean?
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A2-Calcified aortic stenosis
P2-Increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest ass'd w/ aging or pulmonic stenosis |
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Wide splitting of S2
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Increase in the usual splitting that persists throughout the respiratory cycle; caused by:
-Pulmonic stenosis -R BBB -Mitral regurgitation |
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Fixed splitting of S2
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Wide splitting that does not vary w/ respiration; causes:
-Atrial septal defect -RVF |
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Mitral regurgitation
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Holosystolic
Where: Apex Radiates: L axilla, LSB Pitch: med to high Quality: Harsh Aids: Not louder with inspiration |
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Tricuspid regurgitation
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Where: Lower LSB
Radiates: RSB, xiphoid, LMCL Holosystolic Pitch: med Quality: Blowing Aids: Increased intensity w/ inspiration |
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Innocent murmur
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Midsystolic
Where: 2nd to 4th ICS & apex Radiates: little Pitch: soft to med Quality: variable Aids: Decreases w/ sitting |
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Aortic stenosis
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Midsystolic
Where: R 2nd ICS Radiates: carotids, LSB, & apex Intensity: loud w/ thrill Pitch: med to harsh w/ crescedo-decrescendo Quality: Harsh Aids: Increased w/ pt sitting up & leaning forward |
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Pulmonic stenosis
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Midsystolic
Where: 2nd & 3rd ICS Radiates: L shoulder & neck Pitch: med, crescendo-decrescendo Quality: Harsh |
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Aortic regurgitation
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Diastolic
Where: 2nd to 4th ICS Radiates: apex, RSB Intensity: grade 1 to 3 Pitch: High Quality: Blowing decrescendo Aids: Increased w/ pt sitting, leaning forward w/ breath held |
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Mitral stenosis
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Diastolic
Where: Apex Radiates: little Pitch: Low Quality: Rumble Aids: Increased in LLDP w/ exhalation |
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Pericardial friction rub
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Occurs in 3 components:
-Atrial systole -Ventricular systole -Ventricular diastole Where: 3rd ICS Pitch: High Quality: Scratchy, scraping Aids: increased w/ pt sitting, leaning forward w/ breath held |
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Diaphragm is better for....
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-S1 & S2
-Pericardial friction rub -Aortic and mitral regurgitation -Midsystolic click -Ejection click -Opening snap |
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Bell is better for....
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-S3 & S4
-Mitral stenosis |
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LLDB for....
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-Mitral stenosis
-S3 & S4 |
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Sitting up & leaning forward for....
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-Aortic murmurs
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