Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is heart failure?
|
Inability of the heart to pump enough nutrients to tissues
|
|
|
What happens to the heart during heart failure?
|
Decrease in contractility and an increase in pre-load, after-load and heart rate
|
|
|
2 basic ways of treating heart failure?
|
-decrease workload
-increase contractility |
|
|
What agents are used to increase contractility
|
Positive inotropic agents
|
|
|
How do positive inotropic agents work?
|
- Increase influx of Ca
- B adrenoreceptor agonist |
|
|
Problem with positive inotropic agents?
|
- Don't improve survival
- can cause arrhythmias |
|
|
What agents used to decrease workload?
|
- B blockers
- Diuretics - Vasodilators |
|
|
ACE inhibitor is and works how?
|
- vasodilator
- prevents actions of angiotensin II |
|
|
What are the actions of angiontensin II?
|
vasoconstriction, increase aldosterone release which increases Na+ retention --> increasing water retention (thus blood vol)
|
|
|
Ca entry blockers is and works how?
|
- Vasodilator, decreases contractions and slows AV conduction
|
|
|
What are diuretics used for?
|
Treating odema associated with heart failure
|
|
|
How do diuretics work?
|
Increase Na+ excretion thus increase urine vol
|
|
|
Adverse effect of diuretics?
|
Hypokalemia which can lad to hypoglycemia
|
|
|
Example of a diuretic
|
Fruzemide (loop diuretic - most effective most side effects)
|
