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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Veins
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Carry blood toward heart
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Arteries
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Carry blood away from heart
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Circulatory system
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Consists of the heart and blood vessels
Types of blood vessels Arteries Veins Capillaries |
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Capillaries
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Tiny blood vessels
Join arterial and venous systems and carry blood to organs |
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Oxygenated blood
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Oxygen and nutrients
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Deoxygenated blood
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Carbon dioxide and waste products
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Structure of the heart
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Heart in fluid-filled sac called pericardium
Located in thoracic cavity Connected to: Aorta Inferior and superior venae cavae and the pulmonary veins and arteries Composed of muscle tissue for powerful contracting action |
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Interior of the heart
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Four chambers
Septum Atrioventricular valves Semilunar valves Pulmonary and aortic |
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Atrioventricular valves
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Tricuspid and bicuspid or mitral value
Attached by chordae tendinea |
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Four chambers
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Right and left atria and right and left ventricles
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Endocardium- walls of heart
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Thin inside layer
Epithelial tissue |
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Myocardium- walls of the heart
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Thick middle layer
Cardiac muscle tissues |
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Epicardium- walls of the heart
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Outer layer
Connective and epithelial tissue |
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Heart’s electrical system
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Sinoatrial node
SA node or pacemaker Atrioventricular node AV node Atrioventricular bundle AV bundle or bundle of His |
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Electrocardiograph
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Monitors and produces a written record of electrical activity of the heart
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P waves
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Atrial contraction
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QRS waves
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Ventricular contraction
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T waves
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Ventricular recovery
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Systole
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Contraction phase
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Diastole
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Resting phase
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One heartbeat ...
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is one cycle of systole and diastole
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Pulse
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Feel systole as blood being forced out to arteries
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Sphygmomanometer
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Measures pressure during systole and diastole
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Systolic pressure
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First number
Highest |
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Diastolic pressure
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Second number
Lowest |
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Normal range
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100/60 to 120/80
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Too High
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hypertension
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Too low
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Hypotension
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First heart sound (S1)
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Atrioventricular vales closing
“Lubb” sound |
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Second heart sound (S2)
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Semilunar valves closing
“Dubb” sound |
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Murmur
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Blowing sound indicative of abnormal blood flow
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Blood Vessels
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Arteries
Arterioles Veins Venules Capillaries |
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Circulation Pathway
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Superior and inferior venae cavae, Right atrium, Tricuspid valve, Right ventricle, Pulmonary semilunar valve, Pulmonary arteries,Pulmonary veins, Left atrium, Bicuspid valve, Left ventricle,Aortic semilunar valve, Aorta, Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins
Lungs |
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placement of O2 in blood
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All arteries except the pulmonaries carry oxygenated blood
All veins except the pulmonaries carry deoxygenated blood |
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Coronary arteries
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Feed the heart
Parallel routes to allow for blockages |
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Arteries and veins
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Often named after the organ in which they pass
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Constrict/o
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to draw together
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Dilat/o
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to expand
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Ather/o
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fatty debris; fatty
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Coron/o
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crown
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Cardi/o
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heart
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Atri/o
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artrium
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Aort/o
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aorta
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Arteri/o
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artery
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Phleb/o
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vein
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Thromb/o
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clot
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Scler/o
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hardening
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Rythm/o
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rhythm
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Ech/o
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sound
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Embol/o
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plug
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Isch/o
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hold back
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-ectasis
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dilation; dilatation; stretching
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Aging
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Heart muscle stiffens
Cannot pump as well Decreased response to demands of exercise Usually functions well under normal stressors |
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Ventricul/o
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ventricle
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Vascul/o ; Vas/o
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Vessel
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Ven/o
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Vein
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Varic/o
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twisted and swollen
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Valvul/o
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valve
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Aging (part 2)
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Walls of arteries
Thicker and less elastic which can lead to hypertension |
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Reduce effects of aging
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Avoid smoking and excess alcohol
Exercise regularly |
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Common diseases
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Aneurysm
Cardiac arrest Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Stroke Myocardial infarction (MI) Heart attack |
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ASHD
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arteriosclerotic heart disease
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BP
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blood pressure
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CABG
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coronary artery bypass graft
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AV
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atrioventricular
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CAD
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coronary artery disease
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CCU
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cardiac/coronary care unit
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CHF
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congestive heart failure
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CPR
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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CV
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cardiovascular
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident
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HHD
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hypertensive heart disease
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IVC
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inferior vena cava
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LA
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left atrium
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LV
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left ventricle
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MI
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myocardial infarction
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MVP
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mitral valve prolapse
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PVC
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premature ventricular contraction
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RA
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right atrium
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RV
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right ventricle
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SA
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sinoatrial
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SVC
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superior vena cava
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aneurysm
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wall stretches can burst
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AAA
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abdomen aortic aneurysm
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Phlebotomy
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person who takes blood
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Vessels
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arteries or veins
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TIAs
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transient ischemic attack
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ischemia
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hold back the blood
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adloectasis
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part of lungs deflate
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infraction
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insult/death
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Ventricular attack (V-attack)
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rapid movement of ventricule
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COPD
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chronic obstruction pulmonary disease
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hematopoiesis
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process of making blood
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