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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A tough double walled fibrous sac which encases and protects the heart.
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pericardium
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Innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the cardiac muscle.
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endocardium
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Name the 2 atrioventricular valves.
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Tricuspid
Mitral |
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Name the 2 semilunar valves.
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Pulmonic
Aortic |
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Semilunar valves seperates
atria from ventricle or ventricle from great vessel ? |
Ventricle from great vessel
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Which valves are closed during systolic phase?
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Mitral and tricuspid closure
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S1 sound is the result of closure of which valves?
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Mitral and tricuspid
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S2 sound is the result of closure of which semilunar valve(s)?
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Pulmonic and aortic valve
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Organize the pathway of electral conduction from first to last.
a. AV node b. Bundle of His c. SA node d. Purkinje fibers |
SA node
AV node Bundle of HIS Purkinje fibers |
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The P-wave represents what mechanical action of the heart?
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Atrial depolarization
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T-wave represents what mechanical actoin of the heart?
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Ventricular repolarization
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Repolarization of the papillary muscle is represented by what on an ecg?
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U-wave
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A pregnant patient that has a left ventricle enlargement should be concerned?
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No she should not be concerned this is normal.
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A pregnant patients heart shifts to a horizontal position, should I be concerned?
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No this is normal.
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Left ventricular wall thickening in an older adult is expected? (T/F)
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True
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Myocardium has more elasticity as we age? (T/F)
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False- Myocardium becomes less elastic with older age.
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Patient with a cardiac history complains of overwhelming fatigue. What type of cardiac med could this be associated with?
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Beta-Blocker
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Cardiac patient complains of persistent cough. What type of cardiac med is most likely associated with this side effect?
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Ace-inhibitor
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Where could one accurately assess the apical impulse?
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Midclavicular line in the fifth left intercostal space.
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Describe the precordial palpation sequence.
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1. apex
2. Up left sternal border 3. Base 4. Down right sternal border 5. Into epigastrium or axilla |
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How can we best assess the left ventricular size ?
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Location of the apical pulse
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When the right ventricule enlarges, which direction does it typically grow towards ?
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Anteroposterior diameter
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A murmur auscultated over the second right interspace would involve which valve?
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Aortic valve
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A murmur auscultated over the left lower sternal border would involve which valve?
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Tricuspid
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A mitral valve murmur would be auscultated where?
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Fifth intercostal at left MCL.
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A pulmonic valve murmur would be auscultated where?
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Left second intercostal.
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Best patient position to assess low-pitched filling sounds of heart.
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Left Lateral recumbent and listen with bell.
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The heart valves permit flow of blood in one direction? (T/F)
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Heck yea thats true.
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During the systolic phase are the atria relaxing or contracting?
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There relaxing, chilling like villians.
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Upon cardiac auscultation you hear a split heart sound. Why does this happen?
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R-side of heart contracts later than L-side.
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To assess timing of the cardiac cycle, place one hand over the precordium and the other hand over________.
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Carotid pulse.
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S1 represents systole or diastole?
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Systole.
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Splitting heart sounds are said to be fixed when they are unaffected by.
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Respiration dammit!
(you'll remember this because i swore) ;) |
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S3 and S4 are commonly heard in...
Older adults or pregnant women or young children |
Young children
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S3 and S4 become a concern when they accompany..
Decresed BP or Increase HR or Increased intensity |
Increased Intensity and dont you forget it.
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A thrill is a palpable vibration on the anterior chest that often is significant for the presence of:
A. ventricular hypertrophy B. accentuated first and second heart sounds C. a murmur D. CHF |
C
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Which of the following assessment parameters r/t the jugular vein is considered to be normal?
A. A jugular vein that is distended when the pt is in the supine position B. A jugular vein that reveals a pulsation when the pt is sitting at 45 degrees C. A jugular vein that is distended only on one side when the pt is in the supine position D. A jugular vein the remains distended when the examiner pushes on the liver |
A. Only A is a normal finding. The other 3 choices indicate fluid overload
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Murmurs are heard with the stethoscope due to which following?
A. turbulent blood flow B. Increased AV valve function C. Increased intracardiac pressure D. Increased systolic contractility |
A. The sound we call murmur is created by turbulence, which generates vibrations in the surrounding solid tissue that can be heard through the stethoscope.
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A thrill is a palpable vibration on the anterior chest that often is significant for the presence of:
A. ventricular hypertrophy B. accentuated first and second heart sounds C. a murmur D. CHF |
C
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Which of the following assessment parameters r/t the jugular vein is considered to be normal?
A. A jugular vein that is distended when the pt is in the supine position B. A jugular vein that reveals a pulsation when the pt is sitting at 45 degrees C. A jugular vein that is distended only on one side when the pt is in the supine position D. A jugular vein the remains distended when the examiner pushes on the liver |
A. Only A is a normal finding. The other 3 choices indicate fluid overload
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Murmurs are heard with the stethoscope due to which following?
A. turbulent blood flow B. Increased AV valve function C. Increased intracardiac pressure D. Increased systolic contractility |
A. The sound we call murmur is created by turbulence, which generates vibrations in the surrounding solid tissue that can be heard through the stethoscope.
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