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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood travels to/from tissues via
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blood vessels
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Two basic types of blood vessels
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o Arteries carry blood away from heart
o Veins carry blood to heart |
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Blood flow driven by force generated from contraction of...
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Heart muscle
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General Characteristics and Functions of the Heart
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Heart is functionally two side-by-side pumps
Heart generates blood pressure |
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blood pressure
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o Force of blood pushing against wall of vessels
o Pressure varies during contraction and relaxation |
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Cardiovascular system consists of two circulations:
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Pulmonary and Systemic
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Pulmonary circulation
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heart-lungs-heart
Includes right side of heart and pulmonary vessels |
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Systemic circulation
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heart-tissues-heart
Includes left side of heart and all other arteries and veins |
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Heart enclosed within tough sac called-
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pericardial sac
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Function of pericardial sac
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o Prevents overexpansion.
o Restricts heart movements |
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Pericardium
Comprised of two parts: |
Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium |
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Fibrous pericardium
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outer dense connective tissue
Pericardial Sac |
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Serous pericardium
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Parietal layer – lines fibrous pericardium
Visceral layer (epicardium) – covers surface of heart |
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space between parietal and visceral layers of Pericardium
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Pericardial Cavity
(potential space) |
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Heart wall consists of three layers
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-Epicardium- visceral pericardium
-Myocardiym-cardiac muscle thickest layer -Endocardium-lines internal surfaces of heart |
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Heart Anatomy
Composed of four hollow chambers: |
R & L Atria
R & L Ventricles |
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R & L Atria
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receives blood from body/lungs
anterior border = auricle. |
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R & L Ventricles
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Receive blood from Atria , pump to body/lungs
Between R and L ventricles -anterior interventricular sulcus and posterior interventricular sulcus |
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Internal Heart Anatomy
Four valves that prevent backflow |
Triculpid
Pulmonary semilunar Bicuspid Aortic |
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Triculpid
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Prevents backflow into RA from RV.
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Pulmonary semilunar valve
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Prevents backflow into RV from Pulmonary Trunk
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Bicuspid Valve
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Prevents backflow into LA from LV.
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Aortic Semilunar Valve
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Prevents backflow into LV from Aorta.
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Right Atrium
Receives___________blood |
deoxiginated
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Three veins drain into right atrium:
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Coronary Sinus
Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava |
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Coronary Sinus
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Brings blood from Myocardium.
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Superior Vena Cava
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Brings blood from Upper body
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Inferior Vena Cava
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Brings blood from Lower body
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Right Ventricle
Receives blood from_________ . |
Right Atrium
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thick wall between right and left ventricles
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Interventricular septum
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Inner wall of RV has irregular muscular ridges
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Trabeculae Carneae
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Three cone-shaped muscles of the RV
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Papillary
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Papillary muscles...
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Anchor tricuspid valve to Chordae Tendinae.
Prevent flaps from entering right atrium during ventricular contraction |
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At the superior end of RV is ___________valve
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Pulmonary semilunar
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Pulmonary trunk
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branches into R and L Arteries (red).
carry blood to . |
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Left Atrium
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Receives oxygenated blood from lungs via pulmonary veins
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Left Ventricle Receives blood from
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Left Atruim
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Left Ventricle_______times bigger than RV wall
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3
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__________pumps blood to the entire body.
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Left Ventricle
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At superior end of LV is
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Aortic semilunar valve
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Where does the Myocardium get its blood from?
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Right and left coronary arteries
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Right Coronary Artery
Branches into two arteries: |
Marginal artery
Posterior ventricular artery |
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Marginal artery
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supplies right border of heart
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Posterior ventricular artery
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supplies posterior surface of left and right ventricles
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Left Coronary Artery
Branches into two arteries: |
Anterior interventricular artery
Circunflex artery |
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Anterior interventricular artery
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also called left anterior descending artery
supplies anterior surface of both ventricles and most of interventricular septum |
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Circunflex artery
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supplies left atrium and ventricle
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Coronary (Cardiac) Veins
Three major veins drain myocardium: |
Great cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein Small cardiac vein |
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All Coronary (Cardiac) Veins drain into
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Coronary sinus then drain into right atrium
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Myocardium Adjacent fibers connected by
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Intercalated discs
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Systole
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contract
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