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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acquired SNHL indicates that HL was not present at _____.
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birth
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The impact of acquired SNHL depends on the following factors:
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Etiology
Degree of HL Configuration of HL Time course (sudden vs insidious, stable vs progressive) Age of onset (pre vs post lingual) |
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What are the two most typical characteristics associated with acquired SNHL?
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Tinnitus
Recruitment |
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What is tinnitus?
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Sensation of noise or ringing in the ear.
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What is recruitment?
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Abnormal sensitivity to loudness changes, especially if the site of the disorder is in the inner ear.
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What are the main causes of acquired SNHL?
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Diseases, infections and systemic disorders
Sudden onset disorders Trauma Ototoxicity Degenerative processes NOISE EXPOSURE |
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What are some of the types of recreational noise we are exposed to?
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Fitness clubs
Movies Concerts Hobbies |
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What is the dB SPL of normal conversation?
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50-65 dB SPL
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What are the effects of noise?
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Damage to soft tissue of the inner ear.
Destruction of sensory receptor cells in the inner ear. Can lead to permanent hearing loss (SNHL) |
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Loss of hair cells impact :
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Auditory nerve fibers which innervate the sensory receptor cells, and
Subsequent neurons in the central auditory system. |
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The cumulative impact of loss of enough sensory cells and nerve fibers is ______ ____ ____.
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permanent hearing loss.
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When NIHL is present the audiogram typically shows a pattern with the greatest hearing loss in the _________ Hz region.
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4000-6000 Hz
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WHat are early signs/symptoms of NIHL?
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diminished ability to hear high-pitched sounds
difficulty with understanding speech, especially of women and small children. |
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The impact on the auditory system and hearing depends on the following noise characteristics:
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Intensity
Duration Frequency |
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The louder the sound, the _____ the exposure can be before _____ occurs.
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shorter
damage |
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If Shannell is listening to her iPod (thru earphones) and Karen can hear the music from across the room is the music loud enough?
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Way too loud...turn it down.
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What is the "Three Foot Rule"?
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If you have to shout at arms length in order to be understood over the background noise, then you are exposed to hazardous noise levels and you should be wearing hearing protection to prevent NIHL.
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Prevention (of NIHL) is accomplished by _____ both the ____ and _____ of noise exposure.
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reducing
time intensity |
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What is the goal of the hearing conservation program?
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Reduce the risk of developing a permanent NIHL...dur.
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What are the basic elements of the hearing conservation program?
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Admin & Engineering Controls
Audiometric Testing Employee Training and Education Record Keeping Program Evaluation |
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What is the purpose of the damage risk criterion?
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To define maximum permissible levels of noise for stated duration which, if not exceeded, would result in an acceptably small effect on hearing levels over a working lifetime of exposure.
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What is the permissible exposure level according to OSHA?
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90 dB over 8 hrs.
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What is the OSHA exchange rate?
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A time/intensity trading relationship that helps identify equi-hazardous environments when exposure levels are not uniform.
5 dB exchange rate (results in doubling or halfing of time) |
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What is involved under Employee Education?
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Identify what noise is and noise sources in the workplace
Explain impact of noise on hearing Explain audiometric test results Explain HCP policy Identify positive workplace actions and life-style to prevent NIHL Explain the need for hearing protection Train workers on how to use hearing protectors |
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Who is going out to get drunkity drunk after all these stupid exams?
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WE ARE!!!!!!
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What are the two main parts of the hearing system?
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Peripheral system (outer, middle, inner ear and auditory nerve)
Central (pathways to the brain and the brain itself) |
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What is acuity?
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How well we hear.
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Central auditory processing involves...
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What we do with what we hear.
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What is another name for CAP that may be used by SLP's?
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Functional Auditory Processing.
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What are other terms associated with CAP?
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Auditory Attention
Auditory localization Auditory Discrimination Auditory Association Auditory Figure Ground Auditory Analysis/Segmentation Auditory Synthesis/sound blending Auditory Closure Auditory Memory Auditory Sequential Memory/Sequencing |
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What is Central Auditory Processing Disorder?
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Difficulty in processing and interpreting auditory stimuli in the absence of a peripheral hearing loss, usually resulting from a problem in the brainstem and/or cerebral cortex.
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Impaired CAP skills can affect _____ and ______ behaviours that include:
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language
language-dependent spelling writing reading |
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What is the prevalence of CAPD?
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2-3% of children
2:1 males to females 10-20% of older adults |
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What are the causes of CAPD?
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anoxia, infections, degenerative aging process, brainstem lesions, brain tumors, cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), kernicterus, chronic OM, congenital defects of the brain etc etc etc.
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Is the cause of CAPD always known?
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NO.
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The population of those with CAPD is highly ______.
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heterogeneous (varied)
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CAPD associated symptoms and behaviours also might be associated with other disorders such as:
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Learning disabilities
ADD TBI |
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General Symptoms of CAPD include:
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difficulty with:
hearing in noisy situations following long conversations hearing conversations on the phone learning a foreign language or challenging vocab remembering spoken information taking notes maintaining focus organization following multi-step directions processing nonverbal information |
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What is the Audiolgist's role with CAPD?
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Diagnosis with specific battery of tests
Medical referral if warranted Management based on diagnostic testing findings, functional capabilities, and associated handicaps |
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Being aware of and attending to auditory signals for an appropriate length of time is known as.
a. Auditory association b. Auditory discrimination c. Auditory attention d. Auditory Figure Ground |
c. Auditory attention.
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Auditory localization is...
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ability to determine the location of a sound source
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Auditory discrimination
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distinguishing similarities and differences between sounds
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The ability to match an acoustic stimuli with its source is known as....
a. Auditory association b. Auditory discrimination c. Auditory localization d. Auditory Figure Ground |
a. auditory association
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The ability to differentiate a primary auditory stimulus from other back ground auditory stimuli is....
a. Auditory association b. Auditory discrimination c. Auditory localization d. Auditory Figure Ground |
d. Auditory Figure Ground
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Breaking a word into specific segments (sounds/syllables) is....
a. Auditory Closure b. Auditory Analysis/Segmentation c. Auditory Memory d. Auditory Synthesis/Sound Blending |
b. Auditory analysis/segmentation
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Auditory Synthesis/Sound Blending is....
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Ability to blend individual sounds together to form words.
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Filling in missing or distorted acoustic intormation to complete a word or message is....
a. Auditory Closure b. Auditory Analysis/Segmentation c. Auditory Memory d. Auditory Synthesis/Sound Blending |
a. Auditory Closure
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Retaining components of an auditory signal over a period of time is.....
a. Auditory Closure b. Auditory Association c. Auditory Memory d. Auditory Perception |
c. Auditory memory
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Auditory Sequential memory/ Sequencing
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A sub-skill of auditory memory.
Remembering auditory information (sounds, rhythms, words, etc) in specific order. |
