Healthpsyfinalb

Front 1

Types of pain medications

Back 1

1) Peripherally active analgesics, work at the periphery (ex. aspirin, tylenol) 2) centrally active analgesiscs: narcotics that bind to the opiate recep in brain (ex. codine, morphine, heroin).

Front 2

Types of pain medications

Back 2

Aspirin (blocks) Cox(enzyme) - prostaglandins - nerve sensitivity. (Blocked to decrease nerve sensitivity)
Tylenol has some other effects (pain thresholds)
Local analgesics: can be injected into site of injury or applied topically (ex. novocaine).

Front 3

The losses and challenges of serious illness
1)

Back 3

1) Threatened self-image: loss of strength, breast cancer treatment, body integrity (understanding/accepting, ex. facial disfigurement), fear of rejection.

Front 4

The losses and challenges of serious illness
2) 3) 4)

Back 4

2) Interruption of work (source of identity vs income, as in retirement)
3) Loss of indep (basic needs)
4) Threats to cognitive func (progressive diseases)

Front 5

The losses and challenges of serious illness
5)

Back 5

5) Threatened future (present vs. future orientation) 6) strain on relationships (emotional separation and phy, strong marriages become stronger, weak weaker, whom/how to disclose).

Front 6

The losses and challenges of serious illness
6) 7)

Back 6

6) Maintaining identity (same person?) 7) Explaining the illness to yourself (predict adjustment, often blame themselves, guilt or takign responsibility for control; others blaming you and you blaming others maladapative.
8) Pain; Med Treatment; Possibility of Death

Front 7

The losses and challenges of serious illness

Back 7

1) Threatened self-image 2) Interruption of work 3) Loss of indep 4) Threats to cognitive func 5) Threatened future 6) Maintaining identity 7) Explaining the illness to yourself 8) Pain; Med Treatment; Possibility of Death

Front 8

Treatment of Death

Back 8

1) Denial: sequester ill, dying, elderly, die in hospitals; Retirement communities (societal implic), looking young, funeral custums (looking best, slumber room, terms for death).

Front 9

Grieving people

Back 9

1) For themselves or others
2) Strong, acute expression often not supported well, ex. sedated grieving woman; strong for family, "will be ok." 3) Still-born babies to mother to say goodbye, to cope, naming, dress, ward with mothers. 4) uneven support, only immediate, religions with defined mourning periods, ex. first year.

Front 10

Hospice Program (1970s)

Back 10

Palliative, comfort care, supportive vs. curing, coming to homes, pain control, respite care volunteers, entire family help, nurses as liasons to physicians, spiritual counseling, bereavement counseling, basic care (ex. how to change sheets), facilitates disc, integ model, most time in homes, usu if < 6months, some wk with children.

Front 11

Children's terminal illness

Back 11

ex. washington post article (2001), little pain medic, phys usu waits if no chance for recovery, 1/2 told parents, focus on the 70% cured, children rarely told, phy not paid for time discussing death, training, not continuity of care (phy; helpful; changing doctors to end treatment)

Front 12

Children's terminal illness

Back 12

1) Do not want to let children die 2) Do not believe children should die 3) Less pain medic 4) Phy do not discuss dying 5) Continuity of car (number and variation of doctors).

Front 13

Complementary;
Alternative;
Integrative

Back 13

Along with traditional medicine, ex. aromatherapy after surgery.
Instead of trad med.
Combining, alt ther with sci evid, ex. acupunc after surgery.

Front 14

1) Alternative Medical sys

Back 14

ex. homeopathic, naturopathic (western); chinese, herbal, indian (eastern)

Front 15

Homeopathic;
Naturopathic

Back 15

Like causes cure like; small dose of substance. Earn ND (nat. doctor), healing power of body to heal; lifestye, counseling, dietary, herbs, exer, chinese med, homeopathic.

Front 16

Naturopathic cont

Back 16

Phy only facilit healing power; discover/treat cause vs symptom; treat whole person, phy as teacher to motivate; not licensed in virginia for ex.

Front 17

Trad Chinese Medicine

Back 17

Chi: vital energy through body, regulates spiritual, emotional, phy balance, or disease occurs; herbal remedies, exerc, medit, acupunc, massage.

Front 18

Film:

Back 18

IP-6 for cancer, effective in mice so far; Echinacea: lab results for immune sys vs. clin results.

Front 19

2) Biologically Based Therapies
Film:

Back 19

Medicines (herbs, etc) working in body but no evid for them (ex shark cartilage to treat cancer). PS SPEC (prostate cancer hope); trials: testos levels dec; eight herbs: chem actign as a hormone (DES? extrogen); plants vary in quality.

Front 20

3) Manipulative and Body Based Methods

Back 20

Chiropractic, third most practit after doctors/dentists; doubled in 15 yrs; 100,000 by 2010. Used by 11% of population, covered by most health insurance, not enough research support.

Front 21

Film:

Back 21

Bad interactions, possible liver damage; false hope; chiropractic: sublexation (problem, nerve interference), done by hand, replacing vertebrae...indirect nerve pressure. Neuroscope: skin temp difff (like ying and yang); noise: dissolved gase removed, not bone alignment; neck manip safe, 100s/yr parallized, strokes?, religious belief sys.

Front 22

Osteopathic med and massage

Back 22

Osteopathic mediciine: diseases of mus/skel sys; disturbances in one sys afect others, hands-on, movement. Massage: relaxing, curative claims by some.

Front 23

Acupuncture

Back 23

Inc supported, Study: dogs with acup and fake acupun; less pain medic; mainstream med journal.

Front 24

Acupuncture
Film

Back 24

Up to 1000 usable points, popularity from reston; most meridians overlie major neural pathways; visual cortex lights up by stim toe, Longherst: stimulates opiates, lower peak blood pressure; other point (for intest) as effective.
Study: US med schools (with directors of CAM) 77% acupunc, 70% herbs/bot, 66% medit, 64% relax (electives)

Front 25

4) Mind/Body Medicine

Back 25

Enhance mind's capacity to heal (cognitive, prayer, music, tai chi, yoga, prog relax) ex. Tomatus method: music; psychoacoustics: energy change; the deep. Study: Music and post op pain, poor method, positive exp but not casual; plants germinate faster.

Front 26

5) Energy Medicine
Therapeutic Touch

Back 26

Music, though, 'chigung': flow of energy; raiki, spiritual energy.
Therapist's healing force; identify energy imbal and move, no proven effect on cancer cells, girl's jama study.

Front 27

5) Energy Medicine
Magnet

Back 27

On head, feet, move energy; Static (consumer) vs. electromagnets (generate magnetic fields under elec currents, supervised with phy). Second most used after chir by arthritis patients. Alter cell func, blood as a conductor of mag energy; more neutrietnts to tissues; little evid for static magnets; Electromagnets after surgery approved by fda (ex. bone fractures, knee pain, still experimental).