Health10 B&c

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botulism:

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the often fatal condition of poisoning with the botulin toxin.

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brain death:

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irreversible, total loss of higher brain functions, reflected in a flat line brainwave pattern, as opposed to the wavy pattern made by an active brain

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brand names

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the names companies give to drugs; the names by which they are sold

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breathalyzer test:

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: a test of the alcohol level in a person's breath, which reflects the blood level of alcohol.

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breech birth:

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: a birth in which the infant is born in a position other than the normal headfirst position.

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bronchi (BRONK-eye):

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: the two main airways in the lungs; branches of the windpipe (trachea). The singular form is bronchus.

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bronchitis (bron-KITE-us):

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a respiratory disorder with irritation of the bronchi; thickened mucus; and deep, harsh coughing.

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bubonic plague:

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a bacterial infection causing swollen lymph glands and pneumonia, frequently fatal.

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bulimia (byoo-LEEM-ee-uh

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: repeated binge eating, usually followed by vomiting (also spelled bulemia).

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cells:

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: the smallest units in which independent life can exist. All living things are single cells or organisms made of cells

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centenarians

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people who have reached the age of 100 years or older.

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cesarean (si-ZAIR-ee-un) section

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: surgical childbirth, in which the infant is taken through a cut in the woman's abdomen

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chambers:

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s: rooms; in the heart, large, hollow areas that receive incoming blood from the lungs and tissues and ship it out again.

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chamomile:

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a plant with flowers that may provide some limited medical value in soothing intestinal and stomach discomforts.

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chancre (SHANG-ker):

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): a hard, painless sore; chancres develop early in syphilis infections.

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chemotherapy:

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administration of drugs that harm cancer cells, but that do not harm the client, or at least do not harm the client as much as the disease does.

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chicken pox:

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a usually mild, easily transmitted viral disease causing fever, weakness, and itchy blisters.

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child abuse

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verbal, psychological, physical, or sexual assault on a child.

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chlamydia (

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an infection of the reproductive tract, with or without symptoms; a frequent cause of ectopic pregnancy or failure to become pregnant

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cholera (KAH-Ier-uh

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): a dangerous bacterial infection causing violent muscle cramps, severe vomiting and diarrhea, severe water loss, and death.

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cholesterol:

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: a type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods.

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chromosomes:

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slender bodies inside the cell's nucleus, which carry the genes.

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chronic

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in relation to illness, this term refers to a disease or condition that develops slowly, shows little change, and lasts a long time.

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chronic dieters

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people who frequently diet in unhealthy ways in an attempt to lose weight.

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chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD):

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(COLD): a term for several dis­eases that interfere with breathing. Asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema are

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chronic stress:

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: unrelieved stress that continues to tax a person's resources to the point of exhaustion; stress that is damaging to health

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chronological age:

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age as measured in years from date of birth. cilia: hairlike structures extending from the surface of cells that line body passageways, including the trachea and upper lungs

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cilia:

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hairlike structures extending from the surface of cells that line body passageways, including the trachea and upper lungs. The cilia wave, pro¬pelling a coating of mucus along to sweep away debris.

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cliques:

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peer groups that reject newcomers and that judge both their members and nonmembers harshly.

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codeine

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a narcotic drug that is commonly used for suppressing coughs.

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codependent:

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a person who is so focused on the needs of others that the person's own needs are neglected. Also, an enabler who is a member of the family of, or has a close relationship with, a person addicted to a drug

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cold:

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: an upper respiratory tract infection.

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colostrum (co-LAHS-trum):

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a milklike substance rich in antibodies; the breast milk made during the first few days after birth.

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cerebral thrombosis:

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the closing off of a vessel that feeds the brain by a stationary clot, or thrombus.