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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stimulant
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a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs
-includes meth, amphetamines, cocaine, and crack |
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Definition of Meth
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Methamphetamin (Meth) is a stimulant. It is a white ordorless powder that easily dissolves in alcohol or water
-Short-term feeling of euphoria, but often causes depression, paranoia, and delusions; -causes death |
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Definition of Cocaine
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-stimulant
-rapidly acting, powerful and highly addictive stimulant -a white powder extracted from the leaves of coca plant |
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Definition of Crack
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-stimulant
dangerous form of cocaine -rock or freebase rock -reaches the brain in seconds after being smoked or injected -causes heart rate and blood pressure to soar to dangerous levels -death may result, mixing crack (or any drug) with alcohol can be fatal |
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Definition of Amphetamines
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-stimulant*
-highly addictive -use them to stay alert, to improve athletic performances, or to lose wright -regular use cam result in an irregular heartbeat paranoia, aggressive behavior and heart failure |
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Crystal Meth
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-known as ice in 1990's
-known as speed in 1960's -Powerful stimulant white effects last for longer than crack &cocaine -man-made substance -stimulates brain & CNS -usually taken in form of an injection or pills -can be smoked in pipes -smoke has no order -residue can stay in pipe and resmoked -smoked rug reaches brain within seconds and produces an intensity of feeling that in turn lead to a more intense desire to repeat use |
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Amphetamine drugs
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Benzedrine, Dexedrite, Methadrine, Ritallin
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How amphetamine enters the body
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swallowed
snorted injected |
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Amphetamine Effects
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-increased heart rate and breathing
-increased blood pressure -dilated pupils -decreased appetite -dry mouth -may experience: dizziness, sweating, headache, blurred vision, sleeplessness, anxiety -very high doses: irregular heartbeat, high fever, heart failure |
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Amphetamine Medical Use
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-to treat hyperactive children
-to treat narcolepsy-falls asleep suddenly -weight control |
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Definition of narcotics
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**also known as opiates
-drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain -powders ranging from white to dark brown: tablets, capsules, liquid |
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Codeine
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-narcotics*
-highly addictive ingredient in some prescription cough medicines -drowsiness, labored breathing, low blood pressure, seizures and respiratory arrest |
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Morphine
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-narcotics*
-more stronger drug that codeine -treat severe pain (most effective pain killer) but is generally used for only a short time |
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Side effects of morphine
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fast or slow heartbeat, seizures, hallucinations, blurred vision, rashes, and difficulty swallowing
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Heroine
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-narcotics*
-processed form of morphine that is injected, snorted, or smoked -white or brownish powder; black sticky tar -slows breathing & pulse rate -can cause infection of heart lining and valves -HIV and hepatitis B can result from the use of infected needles |
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What are the two drugs that doesn't have medical use?
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heroine & hallucinogens
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Oxycodone
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-narcotics*
-prescription drug that helps to relieve moderate to severe chronic pain -contains a strong opiate -brand name "Oxycontin" |
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Side Effects of Oxycodone
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-suppression of the respiratory system, which causes death from respiratory failures
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Methadone
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-a synthetic narcotic** used to treat heroine addicts
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Opium & Demerol
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-both narcotics*
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Cocaine and crack comparison
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Cocaine is high but lasts longer
Crack leads to immediate action; high is intense; lasts shorter time; **get an intense craving for another toxine |
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How cocaine and crack enters the body:
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-inhaled
-injected -smoked -snorted |
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Cocaine and crack effects
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-felt quickly but don't last too long-when the high ends, user feels a irritable, anxious, depressed
-stimulates nervous system -dilated pupils -rises in blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, body temperature -stuffy or runny nose -insomnia -loss of appetite -paranoia -seizures -possible death from cardiac arrest |
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Cocaine and crack users signs
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-meet new friends
-don't do school work -overall change of behavior -other signs, etc |
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Cocaine and crack medical use
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-local anesthetic for nose and throat
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Crack : Quick Dependence
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-extremely difficult to break effects due to rapid and intense effects on heart
-less expensive than cocaine |
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Heroine
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-made of morphine
-responsible for many deaths -most dangerous -white powder (bitter taste) -*cannot prescribed |
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How Narcotics enters the body:
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-injected
-snorted or sniffed -smoked -swallowed |
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Narcotic Effects
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-euphoria followed by drowsiness, nausea, vomiting
-constricted pupils -watery eyes -itching -overdose can slow breathing, cause clammy skin, convulsions, coma, death |
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Narcotic Medical Use
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-pain relief
-codeine: cough suppressant, pain relief -paregoric: stop diarrhea, relief from tooth pain |
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Hallucinogens
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-drugs that distort the senses and cause hallucination
-could appear as liquid, capsules, powder, blotter paper, thin gelatin squares, mushrooms |
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Inhalants
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-dangerous fumes are concentrated in a bag, on a cloth, etc and inhaled
-most inhalants depress CNS -Long term use can cause live and kidney damage, blindness, brain damage, paralysis, cardiac arrest and death |
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Inhalant Drugs
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-solvents, aerosols, glues, paints, varnishes, and gasoline
-can cause brain damage |
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How inhalants enter the body
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vapors are inhaled deeply through the nose or mouth
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Inhalant Effects
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-glassy stare
-slurred speech -impaired judgement -nausea -coughing -nosebleeds -fatigue -lack of coordination -Solvents: decrease in heart rate and breathing impaired judgement -nitrate: rapid pulse; headaches; loss of bowel and bladder control |
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Inhalant Medical use
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-heart patients to relieve chest pain- amyl nitrite painkiller
-some nitrous oxide-laughing gas -treats allergies and asthma |
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Hallucinogen Drugs
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Phencycldine- "angel dust" a powerful hallucinogen; patients experience a feeling of being “out of body” and detached from their environment.
-effects last 3-4 days LSD- flashbacks (6-8 hours) -small recurrences of psychedelic effects; loss of memory without passing out -Mescaline -peyote -MDA -psilocybin |
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How Hallucinogen enters the body:
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-can enter any way
-swallowed -injected -smoked (sprayed on tobacco, marijuana, parsley) -licked off paper -chewed -topical (rub on skin) |
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Hallucinogen Effects
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-time distorted -> suicide-> impaired judgement
-senses distorted -may produce bizarre, unpredictable behavior -person may sit for hours in a quite dreamlike state -pupils dilate -Heart rate , blood pressure, blood temperature increases |
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Synergism
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-When a drug produces an effect greater than the one intended
-Another definition: two drugs combine to produce effects much greater than if each was used alone |
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Anabolic Steroids
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-powerful compounds that are similar to the male sex hormone, testosterone
-are taken to increase muscle mass and strength |
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How steroids enters the body:
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-swallowed: tablet, capsule
-intramuscular injection |
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Steroid Effects
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*hair loss
-purple or red spots on body -males: sterility, shrinking testicles, development of breast, impotence -females:: irreversible masculine traits, breast reduction, sterility -rapid muscle growth -hostility violent behavior |
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Steroid Medical Use
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-seldom prescribed except for certain types of anemia, severe burns
-some types of breast cancer malfunction pituitary gland |
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Depressants
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-drugs that depress or slow down the central nervous system and all body systmes
-mixing barbiturates, methaqualone, or tranquilizers with alcohol can prove fatal -used to escape reality |
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Barbiturates
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-depressant
-sleeping pill (used to escape reality) -extremely addictive |
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Tranquilizers
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-depressant
-treats mental disorders when a patient has an outburst |
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Valium
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-depressant
-for emotional problems -to treat sad situations -shock attacks |
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Other Depressant drugs
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-alchohol, phenobarbital, quaalude, mequin, parest, ubrium, thorazine, wine, beer, spirits
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How Depressants enters the body
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-swallowed (pill)
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Depressant effects
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-similar to the effects alcohol produces
-small doseS: calmness, relaxed muscles -larger doses: slurred speech, staggerin,g impaired judgement, impaired coordination -very high doses: respiratory depression, coma, death -Birth Defects |
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Depressants Medical use
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-to stop convulsions; relief of tension, anxiety
-to induce sleep; to reduce th symptoms of alcohol withdrawal |
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Designer drugs
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-synthetic drugs that are made to imitate the effects of other drugs
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Types of designer drugs
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-Roofies- are depressants or sedatives that are colorless, odorless, and tasteless; "date-rape drug"; unwanted physical contact and unplanned pregnancies can occur
-GHB- another CNS depressant; clear liquid, a white powder and in a variety of tablets and capsules -Ketamine-anesthetic used to treat animals; creates hallucinations & may result in respiratory failure |
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Marijuana
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contains more than 412 chemicals
when smoked, it produces over 2000 |
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Marijuana drugs
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-marijuana
-THC -hashish; hashish oil (contains high THC) |
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TKC
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main ingredient of marijuana
psychiatric-mind altering |
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Reactions/effects of marijuana depend on
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-the depth of inhalance
-the period in which its smoked -THC |
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How marijuana enters body
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-smoked in joints or pipes; eaten
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Marijuana Effects
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-are felt within minutes-may last hours
-loss of memory -increased heart rate -smoke in marijuana contains more carcinogens -dry mouth and throat -increased appetite -bloodshot eyes |
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Marijuana Medical Use
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-relief from side effects of cancer chemotheraphy
-relief from side effects of AID's theraphy -relief from symptoms of glacoma |
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toleramce
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needing more and more of a substance to feel its effects
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reverse tolerance
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needing less of a drug to feel "high"
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HGH
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human growth hormone
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ethyl
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type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages
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cirrhosis
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a liver disease that is often the result of drinking heavily for many years
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BAC
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the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream
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flashbacks
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hallucination that occur days, weeks, and months after the drug has been used
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Alcohol
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the most abused substance in the United States
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Addiction
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needing a drug in order to survive
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illicit drug
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marijuana
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Detoxification
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-It is the first step in drug treatment
-means you allow the body to rid itself of a drug -may use medication to ease pain -it depends on how muchdrug is in user's body |
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Counseling
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-It follows detoxification
-It is when specially trained drug counselors work with recovering users -the goal is to help recovering users overcome psychological dependence, explore there reasons, find other ways to handle problems |
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Therapeutic Communities
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-they are treatment centers where recovering drug users live together in a drug-free setting
-directed by peers -treat all types of drugs -offer services such as: individual/group counseling, peer support, job training, recreational activity -takes two years |
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Outpatient programs
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-it allows recovering users to live at home and come in for treatment and counseling
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After-care program
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-recovered users return regularly for group counseling to help them maintain a drug-free life
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Methadone
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-a laboratory made narcotic that blocks the withdrawal symptoms of opiate narcotics
-users go to a clinic once or twice a day to receive a free dose -it is not a cure for narcotics addiction -they have to break there physical dependence on methadone -does not cause a high or euphoria |
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What do you have to do before detoxification?
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-Admit they have a problem
-motivated to change and willingness to change -their people places and thing -have to want to adopt a drug free life style -detox time may depend on the type of drug and how much of the drug is in the body |
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How long does detox last?
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-7 days, 1 week, or 2 weeks
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Reasons why people use drugs
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-boredom
-availability -conformity -curiosity -rebellion -escape -fun |
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How long does the THC remain in the body?
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-1 month
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Gateway drug
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A habit-forming substance whose use may lead to the abuse of drugs that are more addictive or more dangerous.
-marijuana |
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Skin popping
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the drug is injected under the skin
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Intramuscular injection
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the drug is injected deep into a muscle
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Mainling
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the drug is injected directly into a vein
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Cannibus
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the Indian hemp plant which is the source of marijuana and hashish
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