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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 Types of Defenses |
Innate Defense and Adaptive Defense |
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Innate Defenses |
-Skin -Mucous -Fever -Natural Killer Cells -Phagocytes -Inflammation -Antimicrobial Proteins |
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Adaptive Defenses |
Humoral Immunity: B Cells Cellular Immunity: T Cells |
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Inflammation |
-Pain, heat, swelling |
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External Barriers |
-skin -keratin -Mucous membrane -mucus -oil secretion -cilia -nasal hairs -gastric juice -urine -lacrimal secretion (tears) |
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Micturition |
Urination |
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Functions of Lymph Nodes |
-Strain water for recycling -Kill Infections due to the white blood cells in the nodes -Removes excess tissue fluid |
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Infectious Disease |
Infection caused by microbes or parasites |
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Communicable Disease |
Infection transmitted from persons or animals to other persons |
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Disease |
Changes that cause your health to fall out of normal ranges |
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Pathogenesis |
Development or evolution of a disease |
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Signs |
Physical manifestations of an illness -Erythema (redness) -Swelling -Rash |
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Symptoms |
Subjective manifestation of illness reported by the patient -Pain -Nausea -Pruritis (itching) |
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Sequella |
Outcome of a disease |
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Etiology |
Causative agent of the disease |
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Idiopathic |
Unknown cause of the disease |
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Iatrogenic |
Inadvertent, medically induced effects causing disease or complication |
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Prodromal |
Early symptoms of a disease |
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Pyrexia |
Fever |
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5 F's of Disease Transmission |
-Food -Fingers -Flies -Fomites (inanimate objects) -Feces |
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Endogenous Pyrogen |
-Secreted by macrophages -Signal body to increase temperature -Interleukin-1 |
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Oral Temperature of Fever |
37.7°C or 99.9°F |
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Heart Location |
Between lungs and mediastinum chambers |
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Blood Pathway Through Heart |
-Superior and Inferior Vena Cava -Right Atrium -Tricuspid Valve -Right Ventricle -Pulmonary Semilunar Valve -Pulmonary Artery -Lungs -Pulmonary Vein -Left Atrium -Bicuspid aka Mitral Valve -Left Ventricle -Aortic Semilunar Valve -Aorta |
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First Organ to Receive Blood |
Heart via coronary arteries |
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Anterior Interventricular Artery |
-"The Widowmaker" -Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) |
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Cardiac Output |
-Amount of blood pumped by each Ventricle per minute Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume * Heart Rate |
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Stroke Volume |
-Volume of blood pumped per beat -Around 70 ml/beat |
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Heart Beat |
Beats per minute |
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Pulse Points |
....... Artery -Temporal -Facial -Common Carotid -Brachial -Radial -Femoral -Popliteal -Posterior Tibial -Dorsalis Pedis |
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Atherosclerosis |
Plaque in blood not distributed evenly |
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Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) |
-Congestive Heart Failure -Hypertension -Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) -Atherosclerosis |
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Coronary Heart Disease |
Coronary arteries narrowed or blocked |
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Heart Attack |
-Myocardium Infarction -Tissue death to part of the heart |
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Angina |
Chest pain or discomfort caused by restricted blood supply to the heart |
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Five Symptoms of Heart Attack |
-Pain/discomfort in jaw, neck, or back -Feeling weak, lightheaded, or faint -Chest pain or discomfort -Pain or discomfort in arm or shoulder -Shortness of breath |
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Blood Pressure Device |
Sphygmomanometer |
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Recommended Blood Pressure |
Less than 120/80 (Systolic/Diastolic) mmHg (Torr) |
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Prehypertension |
120-139 Systolic Or 80-89 Diastolic |
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Hypertension Stage I |
140-159 Systolic Or 90-99 Diastolic |
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Hypertension Stage II |
>160 Systolic Or >100 Diastolic |
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Hypertensive Crisis |
>180 Systolic OR >110 Diastolic |
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Minimum Pressure to get Blood to Brain |
90/60 |
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Stroke (CVA) |
-Cerebrovascular Accident -Brain cell damage due to blockage or rupture of blood vessels -TIA: Transient Ischemic Attack |
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FAST |
Face, Arms, Speech, Time |
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Low Density Lipoproteins |
LDL, Bad Cholesterol < 100 |
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High Density Lipoproteins |
HDL, Good Cholesterol Takes Cholesterol out of blood > 40 Desirable > 60 Best |
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Triglycerides Suggested Level |
< 150 |
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Total Cholesterol Suggested Level |
< 200 |
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Hyperlipidemia |
High fat blood levels |
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Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
Genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels |
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FITT |
Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type |
