Health Science - Chapter 1

Front 1

accountability

Back 1

Accepting responsibility for personal decisions, choices, and actions.

Front 2

annual percentage rate (APR)

Back 2

The yearly cost of a credit card account, including interest and certain fees, expressed as a percentage.

Front 3

budget

Back 3

an estimate of spending and income over a set period of time.

Front 4

budget deficit

Back 4

Spending more money than your income.

Front 5

budget surplus

Back 5

Money left over for savings after expenses have been paid.

Front 6

credit

Back 6

The ability to buy goods and services in advance of paying for them.

Front 7

credit limit

Back 7

The maximum amount a person can charge on a credit card account.

Front 8

debt

Back 8

Money owed for goods and services that have been purchased.

Front 9

determinants of health

Back 9

The range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status.

Front 10

discretionary spending

Back 10

Goods and services that are not life essentials.

Front 11

disease prevention

Back 11

Actions or behaviors designed to keep people from getting sick.

Front 12

emotional health

Back 12

The feeling part of psychological health; includes your emotional reactions to life.

Front 13

emotional intelligence (EI)

Back 13

A person’s ability to identify, understand, use, and manage emotional states in positive and constructive ways.

Front 14

federal work study

Back 14

A type of financial aid in which part-time jobs for students are arranged to help them pay for school.

Front 15

health belief model (HBM)

Back 15

Model for explaining how beliefs may influence behaviors.

Front 16

health disparities

Back 16

Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other health conditions among specific population groups.

Front 17

health promotion

Back 17

The combined educational, organizational, procedural, environmental, social, and financial supports that help individuals and groups reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change.

Front 18

health-related quality of life (HRQoL)

Back 18

Assessment of impact of health status—including elements of physical, mental, emotional, and social function—on overall quality of life.

Front 19

healthy life expectancy

Back 19

Expected number of years of full health remaining at a given age, such as at birth.

Front 20

Health

Back 20

The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, mental, spiritual, and environmental dimensions.

Front 21

Interest

Back 21

A fee paid by the borrower of a loan.

Front 22

life expectancy

Back 22

Expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth.

Front 23

medical model

Back 23

A view of health in which health status focuses primarily on the individual and a biological or diseased organ perspective.

Front 24

mental health

Back 24

The thinking part of psychological health; includes your values, attitudes, and beliefs.

Front 25

modeling

Back 25

Learning and adopting specific behaviors by observing others perform them.

Front 26

motivation

Back 26

A social, cognitive, and emotional force that directs human behavior.

Front 27

naturopathy (naturopathic medicine)

Back 27

System of medicine in which practitioners work to support the body's innate healing mechanisms and use treatment approaches such as diet, exercise, and massage that are minimally invasive.

Front 28

positive reinforcement

Back 28

Presenting something positive following a behavior that is being reinforced.

Front 29

psychological health

Back 29

The mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health.

Front 30

psychological resilience

Back 30

The capacity to maintain or regain psychological well-being in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress.

Front 31

relative deprivation

Back 31

The inability of lower-income groups to sustain the same lifestyle as higher-income groups in the same community, often resulting in feelings of anxiety and inferiority.

Front 32

shaping

Back 32

Using a series of small steps to gradually achieve a particular goal.

Front 33

situational inducement

Back 33

Attempt to influence a behavior through situations and occasions that are structured to exert control over that behavior.

Front 34

self-efficacy

Back 34

Belief in one’s ability to perform a task successfully.

Front 35

self-talk

Back 35

The customary manner of thinking and talking to yourself, which can affect your self-image.

Front 36

socioeconomic status (SES)

Back 36

An individual or family’s social and economic position in relation to others with regards to education, income, and occupation.

Front 37

transtheoretical model

Back 37

Model of behavior change that identifies six distinct stages people go through in altering behavior patterns; also called the stages of change model.

Front 38

well-being

Back 38

An assessment of the positive aspects of a person’s life, such as positive emotions and life satisfaction.

Front 39

wellness

Back 39

The achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions.